Exposure to Commercial Cigarette Smoke Produces Psychomotor Sensitization Via Hyperstimulation of Glutamate Response in the Dorsal Striatum.
behavioral sensitization
cigarette smoke condensate
glutamate
nicotine
non-nicotine alkaloid
Journal
Brain sciences
ISSN: 2076-3425
Titre abrégé: Brain Sci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101598646
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
24 Dec 2020
24 Dec 2020
Historique:
received:
19
11
2020
revised:
11
12
2020
accepted:
22
12
2020
entrez:
30
12
2020
pubmed:
31
12
2020
medline:
31
12
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Cigarette smoke is a highly complex mixture of nicotine and non-nicotine constituents. Exposure to cigarette smoke enhances tobacco dependence by potentiating glutamatergic neurotransmission via stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). We investigated the effects of nicotine and non-nicotine alkaloids in the cigarette smoke condensates extracted from two commercial cigarette brands in South Korea (KCSC A and KCSC B) on psychomotor behaviors and glutamate levels in the dorsal striatum. Repeated and challenge administration of KCSCs (nicotine content: 0.4 mg/kg, subcutaneous) increased psychomotor behaviors (ambulatory, rearing, and rotational activities) and time spent in psychoactive behavioral states compared to exposure to nicotine (0.4 mg/kg) alone. The increase in psychomotor behaviors lasted longer when exposed to repeated and challenge administration of KCSCs compared to nicotine alone. In parallel with sustained increase in psychomotor behaviors, repeated administration of KCSCs also caused long-lasting glutamate release in the dorsal striatum compared to nicotine alone. KCSC-induced changes in psychomotor behaviors and glutamate levels in the dorsal striatum were found to be strongly correlated. These findings suggest that non-nicotine alkaloids in commercial cigarette smoke synergistically act with nicotine on nAChRs, thereby upregulating glutamatergic response in the dorsal striatum, which contributes to the hypersensitization of psychomotor behaviors.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33374316
pii: brainsci11010014
doi: 10.3390/brainsci11010014
pmc: PMC7830476
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Pusan National University
ID : 2-Year Research Grant
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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