Tranexamic Acid Improves Memory and Learning Abilities in Aging Mice.
IL-1β
M1-type macrophage
M2-type macrophage
TNF-α
chronic inflammation
plasmin
Journal
Journal of experimental pharmacology
ISSN: 1179-1454
Titre abrégé: J Exp Pharmacol
Pays: New Zealand
ID NLM: 101530345
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
01
10
2020
accepted:
26
11
2020
entrez:
30
12
2020
pubmed:
31
12
2020
medline:
31
12
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Although the onset mechanism of Alzheimer's disease, which co-occurs with aging, has been extensively studied, no effective methods that improve the decline in memory and learning abilities following aging have been developed. Tranexamic acid provided promising results for ameliorating photo-aging and extending the natural lifespan. However, it is unknown whether it affects the decline in memory and learning abilities due to aging. In this study, we examined the effect of tranexamic acid on memory and learning abilities of naturally aging mice. ICR mice were orally administered with tranexamic acid (12 mg/kg/day) three times weekly for 2 years, and their memory and learning abilities were compared between the tranexamic acid-treated and non-treated groups. The decline in memory and learning abilities due to aging was ameliorated by tranexamic acid administration. The expression of plasmin and amyloid-β decreased following the treatment with tranexamic acid. Furthermore, the number of M1-type brain macrophages diminished and that of M2 macrophages increased. In addition, administration of tranexamic acid decreased the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, while it increased the levels of IL-10 and transforming growth factor-α in the brain. These results indicated that tranexamic acid suppressed the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines aging M1-type macrophages, thereby improving age-related memory and learning abilities.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33376415
doi: 10.2147/JEP.S284532
pii: 284532
pmc: PMC7755347
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
653-663Informations de copyright
© 2020 Hiramoto et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflicts of interest associated with this study.
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