Hormone-sensitive lipase: sixty years later.

Adipocytes / metabolism Adipose Tissue / metabolism Animals Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Lipolysis Sterol Esterase / genetics
Hormone-sensitive lipase lipids lipodystrophy lipolysis obesity

Journal

Progress in lipid research
ISSN: 1873-2194
Titre abrégé: Prog Lipid Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7900832

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
04 2021
Historique:
received: 02 09 2020
revised: 12 11 2020
accepted: 24 12 2020
pubmed: 3 1 2021
medline: 18 1 2022
entrez: 2 1 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was initially characterized as the hormonally regulated neutral lipase activity responsible for the breakdown of triacylglycerols into fatty acids in adipose tissue. This review aims at providing up-to-date information on structural properties, regulation of expression, activity and function as well as therapeutic potential. The lipase is expressed as different isoforms produced from tissue-specific alternative promoters. All isoforms are composed of an N-terminal domain and a C-terminal catalytic domain within which a regulatory domain containing the phosphorylation sites is embedded. Some isoforms possess additional N-terminal regions. The catalytic domain shares similarities with bacteria, fungus and vascular plant proteins but not with other mammalian lipases. HSL singularity is provided by regulatory and N-terminal domains sharing no homology with other proteins. HSL has a broad substrate specificity compared to other neutral lipases. It hydrolyzes acylglycerols, cholesteryl and retinyl esters among other substrates. A novel role of HSL, independent of its enzymatic function, has recently been described in adipocytes. Clinical studies revealed dysregulations of HSL expression and activity in disorders, such as lipodystrophy, obesity, type 2 diabetes and cancer-associated cachexia. Development of specific inhibitors positions HSL as a pharmacological target for the treatment of metabolic complications.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101084 PMID: 33387571
pubmed: 33387571
pii: S0163-7827(20)30064-3
doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101084
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Sterol Esterase EC 3.1.1.13

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

101084

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Emeline Recazens (E)

Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1297, 31432 Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, UMR1297, Toulouse, France.

Etienne Mouisel (E)

Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1297, 31432 Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, UMR1297, Toulouse, France.

Dominique Langin (D)

Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1297, 31432 Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, UMR1297, Toulouse, France; Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague and Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France; Toulouse University Hospitals, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Toulouse, France. Electronic address: dominique.langin@inserm.fr.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Cellules › Cellules du tissu conjonctif › Adipocytes › Hormone-sensitive lipase: sixty years later.
questionsmedicales.fr › Tissus › Tissu conjonctif › Tissu adipeux › Hormone-sensitive lipase: sixty years later.
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Hormone-sensitive lipase: sixty years later.
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies endocriniennes › Diabète › Diabète de type 2 › Hormone-sensitive lipase: sixty years later.
questionsmedicales.fr › Métabolisme › Métabolisme lipidique › Lipolyse › Hormone-sensitive lipase: sixty years later.
questionsmedicales.fr › Enzymes et coenzymes › Enzymes › Hydrolases › Esterases › Carboxylic ester hydrolases › Sterol Esterase › Hormone-sensitive lipase: sixty years later.