Growth Differentiation Factor-15 as a Biomarker of Obese Pre-diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indian Subjects: A Case-control Study.
GDF15
MIC-1
biomarker
cutpointr
obesity
type 2 diabetes
visceral adipose tissue
Journal
Current diabetes reviews
ISSN: 1875-6417
Titre abrégé: Curr Diabetes Rev
Pays: United Arab Emirates
ID NLM: 101253260
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
10
07
2020
revised:
25
10
2020
accepted:
02
11
2020
pubmed:
6
1
2021
medline:
27
1
2022
entrez:
5
1
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an ever-growing epidemic in India and poses significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) is a stress-responsive cytokine, increased in T2DM patients compared to control subjects without the disease. We aimed to assess whether serum GDF15 and adipose tissue GDF15 expression can differentiate between obese pre-diabetes and T2DM and control populations. We recruited 156 individuals including 73 type 2 diabetes, 30 pre-diabetes, and 53 healthy controls. Clinical history, anthropometric measurements and biochemical profiling were taken. Insulin resistance indices were calculated following HOMA models. Serum GDF15 was measured by sandwich ELISA. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) expression of GDF15 was observed in 17 T2DM patients and 29 controls using SYBR Green chemistry in RT-PCR using GAPDH as the housekeeping gene. The data were analyzed on R programming platform using RStudio. Serum GDF15 was significantly higher (p<0.001) in T2DM subjects (median 1445.47 pg/mL) compared to pre-diabetes (627.85 pg/mL) and healthy controls (609.01 pg/mL). Using the ΔΔCt method, the VAT GDF15 expression was 1.54 fold and 1.57 fold upregulated in T2DM (n=17) compared to control subjects (n=29), and obese (n=12) compared to non-obese (n=34)subjects, respectively. The optimal cut-off point following Youden's index method was found to be 868.09 pg/mL. ROC curve analysis revealed that serum GDF15 had a sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of 90.41%, 79.52%, and 0.892 respectively. GDF15 levels were significantly associated with age, BMI, HbA1c, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance indices. Hence, serum GDF15 is a biomarker for T2DM patients in our study population from Western India. However, larger prospective cohorts are necessary to validate this claim.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an ever-growing epidemic in India and poses significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden.
INTRODUCTION
Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) is a stress-responsive cytokine, increased in T2DM patients compared to control subjects without the disease. We aimed to assess whether serum GDF15 and adipose tissue GDF15 expression can differentiate between obese pre-diabetes and T2DM and control populations.
METHODOLOGY
We recruited 156 individuals including 73 type 2 diabetes, 30 pre-diabetes, and 53 healthy controls. Clinical history, anthropometric measurements and biochemical profiling were taken. Insulin resistance indices were calculated following HOMA models. Serum GDF15 was measured by sandwich ELISA. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) expression of GDF15 was observed in 17 T2DM patients and 29 controls using SYBR Green chemistry in RT-PCR using GAPDH as the housekeeping gene. The data were analyzed on R programming platform using RStudio.
RESULTS
Serum GDF15 was significantly higher (p<0.001) in T2DM subjects (median 1445.47 pg/mL) compared to pre-diabetes (627.85 pg/mL) and healthy controls (609.01 pg/mL). Using the ΔΔCt method, the VAT GDF15 expression was 1.54 fold and 1.57 fold upregulated in T2DM (n=17) compared to control subjects (n=29), and obese (n=12) compared to non-obese (n=34)subjects, respectively. The optimal cut-off point following Youden's index method was found to be 868.09 pg/mL. ROC curve analysis revealed that serum GDF15 had a sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of 90.41%, 79.52%, and 0.892 respectively. GDF15 levels were significantly associated with age, BMI, HbA1c, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance indices.
CONCLUSION
Hence, serum GDF15 is a biomarker for T2DM patients in our study population from Western India. However, larger prospective cohorts are necessary to validate this claim.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33397240
pii: CDR-EPUB-112991
doi: 10.2174/1573399817666210104101739
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e010321189862Subventions
Organisme : All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, AIIMS, JODHPUR Intramural funding
ID : AIIMS/RES/2018/1923, AIIMS/IEC/2018/636
Informations de copyright
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