Residence, Clinical Features, and Genetic Risk Factors Associated with Symptoms of COVID-19 in a Cohort of Older People in Madrid.
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Alcohol Drinking
/ epidemiology
COVID-19
/ epidemiology
Cognitive Dysfunction
/ epidemiology
Female
Humans
Hypertension
/ epidemiology
Incidence
Independent Living
Male
Neurodegenerative Diseases
/ epidemiology
Nursing Homes
Risk Factors
SARS-CoV-2
Severity of Illness Index
Smoking
/ epidemiology
Spain
/ epidemiology
Surveys and Questionnaires
APOE gene
COVID-19
Clinical features
Cognitive impairment
Incidence
Madrid
Mortality
Nursing home
Older people
Risk factors
Vallecas Project
Journal
Gerontology
ISSN: 1423-0003
Titre abrégé: Gerontology
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 7601655
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
14
07
2020
accepted:
14
11
2020
pubmed:
12
1
2021
medline:
16
6
2021
entrez:
11
1
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The older population has been especially affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic (COVID-19). The aim of the study was to explore the incidence, severity, mortality rate, clinical features, and risk factors of symptoms of COVID-19 in home-dwelling older people, and its association with type of residence, cognitive deterioration, and neurodegenerative diseases. Data about symptoms of COVID-19 were collected through a telephone survey in the cohort of 913 older volunteers of the Vallecas Project, aged 75-90 years, most of them (902) home-dwelling, in Madrid, Spain. The association of demographic and anthropometric measures, genetic polymorphisms, comorbidities, life habits, type of residence, and frailty surrogates were explored as potential risk factors for the incidence, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 in the older population. Sixty-two cases reported symptoms compatible with COVID-19; 6 of them had died, 4 in their home and 2 in the nursing home. Moderate/severe cases were significantly older and more frequently males. The APOE ε4 allele was associated with the presence of symptoms of COVID-19. Higher systolic blood pressure, more intense smoking habit, more alcohol intake, lower consumption of coffee and tea, and cognitive impairment were associated with disease severity. The estimated incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 in this older cohort of Madrid was 6.8%, with an overall mortality rate of 0.7% (18.2% in those living in a nursing home) and a fatality rate of 9.9%. Our exploratory study indicates that life habits, other clinical conditions and, the ε4 variant of the APOE gene are associated with the presence and clinical severity of coronavirus infection.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The older population has been especially affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic (COVID-19).
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to explore the incidence, severity, mortality rate, clinical features, and risk factors of symptoms of COVID-19 in home-dwelling older people, and its association with type of residence, cognitive deterioration, and neurodegenerative diseases.
METHODS
Data about symptoms of COVID-19 were collected through a telephone survey in the cohort of 913 older volunteers of the Vallecas Project, aged 75-90 years, most of them (902) home-dwelling, in Madrid, Spain. The association of demographic and anthropometric measures, genetic polymorphisms, comorbidities, life habits, type of residence, and frailty surrogates were explored as potential risk factors for the incidence, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 in the older population.
FINDINGS
Sixty-two cases reported symptoms compatible with COVID-19; 6 of them had died, 4 in their home and 2 in the nursing home. Moderate/severe cases were significantly older and more frequently males. The APOE ε4 allele was associated with the presence of symptoms of COVID-19. Higher systolic blood pressure, more intense smoking habit, more alcohol intake, lower consumption of coffee and tea, and cognitive impairment were associated with disease severity.
CONCLUSIONS
The estimated incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 in this older cohort of Madrid was 6.8%, with an overall mortality rate of 0.7% (18.2% in those living in a nursing home) and a fatality rate of 9.9%. Our exploratory study indicates that life habits, other clinical conditions and, the ε4 variant of the APOE gene are associated with the presence and clinical severity of coronavirus infection.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33429394
pii: 000513182
doi: 10.1159/000513182
pmc: PMC7900450
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Observational Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
281-289Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.