Intravenous Immunoglobulins at the Crossroad of Autoimmunity and Viral Infections.
SARS-CoV-2
autoimmunity
infection
intravenous immunoglobulins
virus
Journal
Microorganisms
ISSN: 2076-2607
Titre abrégé: Microorganisms
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101625893
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 Jan 2021
07 Jan 2021
Historique:
received:
28
11
2020
revised:
24
12
2020
accepted:
05
01
2021
entrez:
12
1
2021
pubmed:
13
1
2021
medline:
13
1
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) are blood preparations pooled from the plasma of donors that have been first employed as replacement therapy in immunodeficiency. IVIG interact at multiple levels with the different components of the immune system and exert their activity against infections. Passive immunotherapy includes convalescent plasma from subjects who have recovered from infection, hyperimmune globulin formulations with a high titer of neutralizing antibodies, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). IVIG are used for the prevention and treatment of several infections, especially in immunocompromised patients, or in case of a poorly responsive immune system. The evolution of IVIG from a source of passive immunity to a powerful immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory agent results in extensive applications in autoimmune diseases. IVIG composition depends on the antibodies of the donor population and the alterations of protein structure due to the processing of plasma. The anti-viral and anti-inflammatory activity of IVIG has led us to think that they may represent a useful therapeutic tool even in COVID-19. The human origin of IVIG carries specific criticalities including risks of blood products, supply, and elevated costs. IVIG can be useful in critically ill patients, as well as early empirical treatment. To date, the need for further well-designed studies stating protocols and the efficacy/tolerability profile of IVIG and convalescent plasma in selected situations are awaited.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33430200
pii: microorganisms9010121
doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9010121
pmc: PMC7825648
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
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