One strike loading organ culture model to investigate the post-traumatic disc degenerative condition.
Degeneration
Extracellular matrix
Intervertebral disc
Mechanical injury
One strike loading
Post-traumatic
Journal
Journal of orthopaedic translation
ISSN: 2214-031X
Titre abrégé: J Orthop Translat
Pays: Singapore
ID NLM: 101625127
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2021
Jan 2021
Historique:
received:
15
04
2020
revised:
01
07
2020
accepted:
09
08
2020
entrez:
13
1
2021
pubmed:
14
1
2021
medline:
14
1
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Acute trauma on intervertebral discs (IVDs) is thought to be one of the risk factors for IVD degeneration. The pathophysiology of IVD degeneration induced by single high impact mechanical injury is not very well understood. The aim of this study was using a post-traumatic IVD model in a whole organ culture system to analyze the biological and biomechanical consequences of the single high-impact loading event on the cultured IVDs. Isolated healthy bovine IVDs were loaded with a physiological loading protocol in the control group or with injurious loading (compression at 50% of IVD height) in the one strike loading (OSL) group. After another 1 day (short term) or 8 days (long term) of whole organ culture within a bioreactor, the samples were collected to analyze the cell viability, histological morphology and gene expression. The conditioned medium was collected daily to analyze the release of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and nitric oxide (NO). The OSL IVD injury group showed signs of early degeneration including reduction of dynamic compressive stiffness, annulus fibrosus (AF) fissures and extracellular matrix degradation. Compared to the control group, the OSL model group showed more severe cell death (P < 0.01) and higher GAG release in the culture medium (P < 0.05). The MMP and ADAMTS families were up-regulated in both nucleus pulposus (NP) and AF tissues from the OSL model group (P < 0.05). The OSL injury model induced a traumatic degenerative cascade in the whole organ cultured IVD. The present study shows a single hyperphysiological mechanical compression applied to healthy bovine IVDs caused significant drop of cell viability, altered the mRNA expression in the IVD, and increased ECM degradation. The OSL IVD model could provide new insights into the mechanism of mechanical injury induced early IVD degeneration. This model has a high potential for investigation of the degeneration mechanism in post-traumatic IVD disease, identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as screening of treatment therapies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Acute trauma on intervertebral discs (IVDs) is thought to be one of the risk factors for IVD degeneration. The pathophysiology of IVD degeneration induced by single high impact mechanical injury is not very well understood. The aim of this study was using a post-traumatic IVD model in a whole organ culture system to analyze the biological and biomechanical consequences of the single high-impact loading event on the cultured IVDs.
METHODS
METHODS
Isolated healthy bovine IVDs were loaded with a physiological loading protocol in the control group or with injurious loading (compression at 50% of IVD height) in the one strike loading (OSL) group. After another 1 day (short term) or 8 days (long term) of whole organ culture within a bioreactor, the samples were collected to analyze the cell viability, histological morphology and gene expression. The conditioned medium was collected daily to analyze the release of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and nitric oxide (NO).
RESULTS
RESULTS
The OSL IVD injury group showed signs of early degeneration including reduction of dynamic compressive stiffness, annulus fibrosus (AF) fissures and extracellular matrix degradation. Compared to the control group, the OSL model group showed more severe cell death (P < 0.01) and higher GAG release in the culture medium (P < 0.05). The MMP and ADAMTS families were up-regulated in both nucleus pulposus (NP) and AF tissues from the OSL model group (P < 0.05). The OSL injury model induced a traumatic degenerative cascade in the whole organ cultured IVD.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The present study shows a single hyperphysiological mechanical compression applied to healthy bovine IVDs caused significant drop of cell viability, altered the mRNA expression in the IVD, and increased ECM degradation. The OSL IVD model could provide new insights into the mechanism of mechanical injury induced early IVD degeneration.
THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE
UNASSIGNED
This model has a high potential for investigation of the degeneration mechanism in post-traumatic IVD disease, identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as screening of treatment therapies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33437633
doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.08.003
pii: S2214-031X(20)30097-8
pmc: PMC7773974
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
141-150Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose in relation to this article.
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