Retinal and Cortical Contributions to Phosphenes During Transcranial Electrical Current Stimulation.
EMF modeling
occipital activation
phosphenes
retinal activation
transcranial electrical stimulation
volume conduction
Journal
Bioelectromagnetics
ISSN: 1521-186X
Titre abrégé: Bioelectromagnetics
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8008281
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2021
Feb 2021
Historique:
received:
11
06
2020
revised:
05
12
2020
accepted:
19
12
2020
pubmed:
14
1
2021
medline:
2
10
2021
entrez:
13
1
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
It is generally believed that the phosphenes induced by transcranial electric current stimulation (tECS) are a product of retinal activation, even when electrode placement is directly over the primary visual cortex. However, the origins of these tECS-induced phosphenes have not yet been conclusively determined. In this study, phosphene detection thresholds using an FPz-Oz montage were compared with those from (i) an Oz-Cz montage to determine whether prefrontal regions, such as the retina, contribute to phosphenes and (ii) an FPz-Cz montage to determine whether the visual cortex in the occipital lobe contributes to phosphenes. Twenty-two participants received transcranial current stimulation with each of these montages (as well as a T3-T4 montage included for exploratory purposes) at 6, 10, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 Hz. To estimate differences in current density at the retina and occipital lobe across montages, modeling of current density at phosphene thresholds was measured across 20 head models. Consistent with the proposal that tECS-induced phosphenes are generated in the retina, increasing current density near the retina (FPz-Oz relative to Oz-Cz montage) reduced phosphene thresholds. However, increasing current density near the occipital cortex (FPz-Oz relative to FPz-Cz montage) also reduced phosphene thresholds while also requiring less current density at the retina according to the modeling estimates. This suggests that tECS of this occipital cortex also contributed to phosphene perception. © 2020 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
146-158Subventions
Organisme : Centre for Population Health Research on Electromagnetic Energy
ID : APP1060205
Informations de copyright
© 2021 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
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