Syncytins expressed in human placental trophoblast.
Endogenous retrovirus
Extravillous trophoblast
Fusogen
Placental evolution
Suppressyn
Syncytiotrophoblast
Journal
Placenta
ISSN: 1532-3102
Titre abrégé: Placenta
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8006349
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 09 2021
15 09 2021
Historique:
received:
27
10
2020
revised:
19
12
2020
accepted:
07
01
2021
pubmed:
29
1
2021
medline:
19
2
2022
entrez:
28
1
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Three versions of syncytiotrophoblast exist in the human placenta: an invasive type associated with the implanting conceptus, non-invasive villous type of definitive placenta, and placental bed giant cells. Syncytins are encoded by modified env genes of endogenous retroviruses (ERV), but how they contribute functionally to placental syncytial structures is unclear. A minimum of eight genes (ERVW1, ERVFRD-1, ERVV-1, ERVV-2, ERVH48-1, ERVMER34-1, ERV3-1, & ERVK13-1) encoding syncytin family members are expressed in human trophoblast, the majority from implantation to term. ERVW1 (Syncytin 1) and ERVFRD-1 (Syncytin 2) are considered the major fusogens, but, when the expression of their genes is analyzed by single cell RNAseq in first trimester placenta, their transcripts are distinctly patterned and also differ from those of their proposed binding partners, SLC1A5 and MFSD2A, respectively. ERVRH48-1 (suppressyn or SUPYN) and ERVMER34-1 are probable negative regulators of fusion and co-expressed, primarily in cytotrophoblast. The remaining genes and their products have been little studied. Syncytin expression is a feature of placental development in almost all eutherian mammals studied, in at least one marsupial, and in viviparous lizards, which lack the trophoblast lineage. Their expression has been inferred to be essential for pregnancy success in the mouse. All the main human ERV genes arose following independent retroviral insertion events, none of which trace back to the divergence of eutherians and metatherians (marsupials). While syncytins may be crucial for placental development, it seems unlikely that they helped orchestrate the divergence of eutherians and marsupials.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33504453
pii: S0143-4004(21)00014-X
doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.01.006
pmc: PMC8280254
mid: NIHMS1666291
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Gene Products, env
0
Pregnancy Proteins
0
syncytin
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
8-14Subventions
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : R01 HD094937
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R21 AI145071
Pays : United States
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Références
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 28;103(9):3203-8
pubmed: 16492730
Placenta. 2012 May;33(5):327-34
pubmed: 22374510
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 21;106(29):12127-32
pubmed: 19564597
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Oct 28;100(22):13013-8
pubmed: 14557543
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Nov 15;108(46):E1164-73
pubmed: 22032925
Biol Reprod. 2018 Jul 1;99(1):212-224
pubmed: 29579154
Genes Cells. 2015 Oct;20(10):771-88
pubmed: 26442811
Development. 2018 Jan 29;145(2):
pubmed: 29361559
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Nov 11;105(45):17532-7
pubmed: 18988732
Mol Cell Biol. 2003 May;23(10):3566-74
pubmed: 12724415
PLoS Biol. 2018 Oct 9;16(10):e3000028
pubmed: 30300353
Nature. 2018 Nov;563(7731):347-353
pubmed: 30429548
Bioessays. 1998 Apr;20(4):307-16
pubmed: 9619102
PLoS Genet. 2013 Mar;9(3):e1003400
pubmed: 23555306
Placenta. 2017 Apr;52:134-138
pubmed: 27899180
APMIS. 2016 Jan-Feb;124(1-2):31-43
pubmed: 26818260
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 May 10;113(19):E2598-607
pubmed: 27051068
Tissue Antigens. 1997 Aug;50(2):135-46
pubmed: 9271823
Placenta. 2006 Apr-May;27(4-5):367-74
pubmed: 15950280
Nature. 2000 Feb 17;403(6771):785-9
pubmed: 10693809
FASEB J. 2014 Aug;28(8):3703-19
pubmed: 24812088
Hum Reprod Update. 2004 Nov-Dec;10(6):487-96
pubmed: 15333590
Curr Biol. 2020 Jul 6;30(13):R750-R754
pubmed: 32634411
Placenta. 2007 Feb-Mar;28(2-3):185-91
pubmed: 16714059
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Nov 5;116(45):22635-22644
pubmed: 31636193
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Feb 3;112(5):E487-96
pubmed: 25605903
Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 20;9(1):19502
pubmed: 31862915
Placenta. 1981 Oct-Dec;2(4):303-16
pubmed: 7301778
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Sep 13;20(18):
pubmed: 31540219
Placenta. 2003 Feb-Mar;24(2-3):181-90
pubmed: 12566245
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2013 Aug 12;368(1626):20120507
pubmed: 23938756
Nat Ecol Evol. 2017 Mar 23;1(4):72
pubmed: 28812655
J Exp Zool. 1993 Sep 1;266(6):559-77
pubmed: 8371098
Am J Anat. 1989 Sep;186(1):85-98
pubmed: 2782290
Sci Rep. 2017 Dec 8;7(1):17257
pubmed: 29222466
Development. 2017 Dec 15;144(24):4481-4495
pubmed: 29254991
Hum Reprod. 1999 Feb;14(2):496-504
pubmed: 10100001
J Virol. 2002 Jul;76(13):6442-52
pubmed: 12050356
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Mar 26;110(13):E1212-21
pubmed: 23493551
Viruses. 2014 Nov 24;6(11):4609-27
pubmed: 25421890
Sci Rep. 2013;3:1462
pubmed: 23492904
J Anat. 1960 Jul;94:297-328
pubmed: 14399291
Cell. 2016 Sep 22;167(1):285
pubmed: 27662094
Reprod Sci. 2009 Nov;16(11):1023-33
pubmed: 19474286
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Dec 19;114(51):E10991-E11000
pubmed: 29162694
Trends Cell Biol. 2019 Dec;29(12):964-973
pubmed: 31648852
J Pathol. 1974 Apr;112(4):203-11
pubmed: 4209926
Reproduction. 2016 Nov;152(5):R167-78
pubmed: 27486264
Am J Anat. 1968 Jan;122(1):107-37
pubmed: 5654499
J Virol. 2000 Apr;74(7):3321-9
pubmed: 10708449
Cell Stem Cell. 2018 Jan 4;22(1):50-63.e6
pubmed: 29249463