Relationship between chewing tobacco, smoking, consuming alcohol and cognitive impairment among older adults in India: a cross-sectional study.
Journal
BMC geriatrics
ISSN: 1471-2318
Titre abrégé: BMC Geriatr
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968548
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
29 01 2021
29 01 2021
Historique:
received:
23
10
2020
accepted:
13
01
2021
entrez:
30
1
2021
pubmed:
31
1
2021
medline:
24
4
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Physical aging increases the sensitivity to the effects of substance use, elevating the risk for cognitive impairment among older adults. Since studies on the association of substance use with cognitive ability in later years are scant in India, we aimed to explore the factors associated with cognitive impairment especially, alcohol consumption, smoking, and chewing tobacco later in life. The present research used nationally representative data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India (BKPAI) that was conducted in 2011, across seven states of India (N=9,453). Sample distribution along with percentage distribution was calculated for cognitive impairment over explanatory variables. For finding the association between cognitive impairment over explanatory variables, binary logistic regression models were estimated. About 16.5 percent of older adults in rural areas consumed smoked tobacco compared to 11.7 percent in urban areas. Nearly, 23.7 percent of rural older adults consumed smokeless tobacco in comparison to 16 percent in urban areas. Alcohol consumption was high among rural residents (7.9%) than urban counterparts (6.7%). The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 62.8% and 58% among older adults from rural and urban areas respectively. Older adults who smoked tobacco had a 24 percent significantly higher likelihood to have cognitive impairment with reference to older adults who did not smoke [OR: 1.24, CI: 1.02-1.49]. Moreover, older adults who consumed alcohol had a 30 percent significantly higher likelihood to have cognitive impairment [OR: 1.02, 1.65]. It was also found that older adults who had smoked along with consuming alcohol were at risk of worse cognitive outcomes than those who neither smoke nor drink alcohol [OR: 1.56, CI: 1.21-2.00] or consumed either of them unlike consuming smokeless tobacco only. The encouragement of older people to stop smoking and smokeless tobacco use could be considered as part of a strategy to reduce the incidence of cognitive impairment. Further, appropriate measures should be taken for the detection of early stages of cognitive decline in older individuals and efforts should be made to improve the availability and quality of care for dementing older adults.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Physical aging increases the sensitivity to the effects of substance use, elevating the risk for cognitive impairment among older adults. Since studies on the association of substance use with cognitive ability in later years are scant in India, we aimed to explore the factors associated with cognitive impairment especially, alcohol consumption, smoking, and chewing tobacco later in life.
METHODS
The present research used nationally representative data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India (BKPAI) that was conducted in 2011, across seven states of India (N=9,453). Sample distribution along with percentage distribution was calculated for cognitive impairment over explanatory variables. For finding the association between cognitive impairment over explanatory variables, binary logistic regression models were estimated.
RESULTS
About 16.5 percent of older adults in rural areas consumed smoked tobacco compared to 11.7 percent in urban areas. Nearly, 23.7 percent of rural older adults consumed smokeless tobacco in comparison to 16 percent in urban areas. Alcohol consumption was high among rural residents (7.9%) than urban counterparts (6.7%). The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 62.8% and 58% among older adults from rural and urban areas respectively. Older adults who smoked tobacco had a 24 percent significantly higher likelihood to have cognitive impairment with reference to older adults who did not smoke [OR: 1.24, CI: 1.02-1.49]. Moreover, older adults who consumed alcohol had a 30 percent significantly higher likelihood to have cognitive impairment [OR: 1.02, 1.65]. It was also found that older adults who had smoked along with consuming alcohol were at risk of worse cognitive outcomes than those who neither smoke nor drink alcohol [OR: 1.56, CI: 1.21-2.00] or consumed either of them unlike consuming smokeless tobacco only.
CONCLUSION
The encouragement of older people to stop smoking and smokeless tobacco use could be considered as part of a strategy to reduce the incidence of cognitive impairment. Further, appropriate measures should be taken for the detection of early stages of cognitive decline in older individuals and efforts should be made to improve the availability and quality of care for dementing older adults.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33514331
doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02027-x
pii: 10.1186/s12877-021-02027-x
pmc: PMC7847155
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
85Références
Rev Saude Publica. 2009 Nov;43 Suppl 2:48-56
pubmed: 19936498
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2012 Sep-Oct;27(5):361-9
pubmed: 22955101
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001 Apr;49(4):415-20
pubmed: 11347785
Psychiatr Serv. 1999 Sep;50(9):1184-8
pubmed: 10478905
Age Ageing. 2011 Jul;40(4):456-63
pubmed: 21367764
SSM Popul Health. 2020 Nov 25;12:100702
pubmed: 33304986
Neurology. 2005 Oct 25;65(8):1210-7
pubmed: 16247047
J Stud Alcohol. 2005 Nov;66(6):756-65
pubmed: 16459937
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015;39(5-6):294-302
pubmed: 25792116
J Clin Epidemiol. 2002 Oct;55(10):959-64
pubmed: 12464371
Am J Public Health. 2004 Nov;94(11):1985-91
pubmed: 15514241
Bull World Health Organ. 2005 Nov;83(11):829-36
pubmed: 16302039
PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e20331
pubmed: 21655299
J Clin Neurosci. 2012 Oct;19(10):1333-7
pubmed: 22682650
Lancet Psychiatry. 2016 Sep;3(9):882-99
pubmed: 27528098
Lancet. 2009 Feb 7;373(9662):492-501
pubmed: 19168210
Tob Induc Dis. 2009 Nov 24;5:15
pubmed: 19930693
Indian J Med Res. 2006 Jul;124(1):15-22
pubmed: 16926453
Aging (Albany NY). 2013 Mar;5(3):183-91
pubmed: 23524310
Alzheimers Dement. 2013 Jan;9(1):63-75.e2
pubmed: 23305823
Age Ageing. 2008 Sep;37(5):505-12
pubmed: 18487267
PLoS One. 2011;6(6):e20602
pubmed: 21698275
QJM. 2016 Oct;109(10):653-659
pubmed: 27026698
SSM Popul Health. 2020 Feb 09;10:100557
pubmed: 32258352
BMJ Open. 2019 Mar 20;9(3):e025473
pubmed: 30898818
J Nutr Health Aging. 2008 Jun-Jul;12(6):376-81
pubmed: 18548174
Nature. 2016 Oct 13;538(7624):257-259
pubmed: 27706136
Indian J Psychiatry. 2005 Oct;47(4):192-7
pubmed: 20711304
Am J Public Health. 2001 Jul;91(7):1089-93
pubmed: 11441736
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2015 Jan 17;10:2
pubmed: 25595205
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jan 17;109(3):770-4
pubmed: 22184241
Age Ageing. 2019 Jan 1;48(1):87-93
pubmed: 30379981
Int Urol Nephrol. 2018 Aug;50(8):1505-1510
pubmed: 29868939
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2009;28(5):455-60
pubmed: 19907183
Soc Sci Med. 2010 Dec;71(11):1935-42
pubmed: 20970902
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 1988 Jul-Sep;1(3):144-58
pubmed: 3075496
Front Aging Neurosci. 2018 Mar 28;10:62
pubmed: 29643801
Neurology. 2014 Jan 28;82(4):332-9
pubmed: 24431298
Lancet. 2011 Jan 29;377(9763):413-28
pubmed: 21227486
Schizophr Bull. 2008 Nov;34(6):1035-41
pubmed: 18441331
Aging Ment Health. 2013;17(1):12-23
pubmed: 22934837
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2016 Nov;40(11):2435-2444
pubmed: 27658235
Cancer Epidemiol. 2010 Aug;34(4):405-12
pubmed: 20444665
Aust N Z J Public Health. 1998 Aug;22(5):621-3
pubmed: 9744220
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16(15):6561-8
pubmed: 26434875
Lancet. 2019 Jun 22;393(10190):2493-2502
pubmed: 31076174
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 05;9(6):e97832
pubmed: 24902041
Tob Control. 2003 Dec;12(4):e4
pubmed: 14660785
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010 May;58(5):889-94
pubmed: 20406308
J Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2018;7(6):
pubmed: 31406631
Neurol Sci. 2013 Sep;34(9):1581-9
pubmed: 23370896
Stroke. 2004 Jun;35(6):1264-8
pubmed: 15118167
Eur J Ageing. 2006 Nov 8;3(4):193-206
pubmed: 28794763
Psychol Rep. 1998 Jun;82(3 Pt 2):1432-4
pubmed: 9709545
Public Health Rev. 2014;35(2):
pubmed: 28366975
Eur Addict Res. 2018;24(2):53-59
pubmed: 29627831
J Family Med Prim Care. 2016 Oct-Dec;5(4):804-808
pubmed: 28348995
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2010 Dec;25(12):1272-9
pubmed: 21086537
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2018 Apr 16;73(4):666-674
pubmed: 28329813