Distance-Learning Initiatives Targeting Non-physician Anesthesia Providers in Low-Resource Environments.

"Distance-learning" encompasses a variety of didactics, from self-directed online learning to focused courses and programs. Despite increasing internet availability, focused distance-learning courses are rarely practiced in low- or middle-income countries, particularly among non-physician anesthetists. This review aims to discuss the availability, significance, and challenges of distance-learning programs for non-physician anesthesia providers in low-resource settings. Task shifting and sharing in anesthesia remains essential in low-resource settings to meet the demand of surgical need. Distance-learning may be the ideal option in these settings, as it can be used to train the individual at their workplace even in remote areas. Different models and techniques are described. Success depends on the course design, communication strategies, handling of technical issues, and support mechanisms. Distance-learning should be an essential part of training and in-service support for non-physician anesthetists. Global advocates of safe, effective anesthesia services need to support the development and delivery of distance-learning courses.

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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature 2021.

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Conflict of InterestThere are no conflicts of interest.