Does a trade-off between growth plasticity and resource conservatism mediate post-fire shrubland responses to rainfall seasonality?
Mediterranean
climate change
fire
phenotypic plasticity
rainfall
resource conservatism
shrubland
soil nutrients
Journal
The New phytologist
ISSN: 1469-8137
Titre abrégé: New Phytol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9882884
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2021
05 2021
Historique:
received:
20
12
2020
accepted:
27
01
2021
pubmed:
2
2
2021
medline:
15
5
2021
entrez:
1
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Growth plasticity may allow fire-prone species to maximize their recovery rates during temporary, sporadic periods of rainfall availability in the post-fire environment. However, moisture-driven growth plasticity could be maladaptive in nutrient-limited environments that require tighter control of growth and resource use. We investigated whether a trade-off between plasticity and conservatism mediates growth responses to altered rainfall seasonality in neighbouring shrubland communities that occupy different soils. We monitored post-fire vegetation regrowth in two structurally similar, Mediterranean-type shrublands for 3 years. We investigated the effects of experimentally altered rainfall seasonality on post-fire species' growth rates. We found that moisture-driven growth plasticity was higher among species occupying the fertile soils of the renosterveld site relative to those occupying the nutrient-poor soils of the fynbos site. This resulted in higher overall responsiveness of post-fire recovery patterns in renosterveld to experimental shifts in rainfall seasonality. In post-fire shrubland communities, the trade-off between moisture-dependent growth plasticity and resource conservatism could be mediated by soil nutrient availability. Therefore, edaphic differences between structurally similar shrublands could lead to differences in their sensitivity to post-fire rainfall seasonality.
Substances chimiques
Soil
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1407-1420Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors New Phytologist © 2021 New Phytologist Foundation.
Références
Altwegg R, West A, Gillson L, Midgley GF. 2014. Impacts of climate change in the Greater Cape Floristic Region. In: Allsopp N, Colville JF, Verboom GA, eds. Fynbos: ecology, evolution, and conservation of a megadiverse region. New York, NY, USA: Oxford University Press, 299-320.
Anacker BL, Whittall JB, Goldberg EE, Harrison SP. 2011. Origins and consequences of serpentine endemism in the California flora. Evolution 65: 365-376.
Barber SA. 1962. A diffusion and mass-flow concept of soil nutrient availability. Soil Science 93: 39-49.
Bellingham PJ, Sparrow AD. 2000. Resprouting as a life history strategy in woody plant communities. Oikos 89: 409-416.
Bergh NG, Verboom GA, Rouget M, Cowling RM. 2014. Vegetation types of the Greater Cape Floristic Region. In: Allsopp N, Colville JF, Verboom GA, eds. Fynbos: ecology, evolution, and conservation of a megadiverse region. New York, NY, USA: Oxford University Press, 1-25.
Bond WJ, van Wilgen BW. 2012. Fire and plants (Vol. 14). Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer Science & Business Media.
Boorse GC, Ewers FW, Davis SD. 1998. Response of chaparral shrubs to below-freezing temperatures: acclimation, ecotypes, seedlings vs. adults. American Journal of Botany 85: 1224-1230.
Bradshaw AD. 1965. Evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity in plants. Advances in Genetics 13: 115-155.
Bradshaw PL, Cowling RM. 2014. Landscapes, rock types, and climate of the Greater Cape Floristic Region. In: Allsopp N, Colville JF, Verboom GA, eds. Fynbos: ecology, evolution, and conservation of a megadiverse region. New York, NY, USA: Oxford University Press, 26-46.
Brown G, Mitchell DT. 1986. Influence of fire on the soil phosphorus status in sand plain lowland fynbos, south-western Cape. South African Journal of Botany 52: 67-72.
Burggren W. 2018. Developmental phenotypic plasticity helps bridge stochastic weather events associated with climate change. Journal of Experimental Biology 221: jeb161984.
Chapin FS III. 1980. The mineral nutrition of wild plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 11: 233-260.
Cheung CM, Williams TC, Poolman MG, Fell DA, Ratcliffe RG, Sweetlove LJ. 2013. A method for accounting for maintenance costs in flux balance analysis improves the prediction of plant cell metabolic phenotypes under stress conditions. The Plant Journal 75: 1050-1061.
Cowling RM, Ojeda F, Lamont BB, Rundel PW, Lechmere-Oertel R. 2005. Rainfall reliability, a neglected factor in explaining convergence and divergence of plant traits in fire-prone Mediterranean-climate ecosystems. Global Ecology and Biogeography 14: 509-519.
Cramer MD, Hoffman MT. 2015. The consequences of precipitation seasonality for Mediterranean-ecosystem vegetation of South Africa. PLoS ONE 10: e0144512.
Crisp MD, Cook LG. 2012. Phylogenetic niche conservatism: what are the underlying evolutionary and ecological causes? New Phytologist 196: 681-694.
Dannenmann M, Díaz-Pinés E, Kitzler B, Karhu K, Tejedor J, Ambus P, Butterbach-Bahl K. 2018. Postfire nitrogen balance of Mediterranean shrublands: direct combustion losses versus gaseous and leaching losses from the postfire soil mineral nitrogen flush. Global Change Biology 24: 4505-4520.
DeWitt TJ, Sih A, Wilson DS. 1998. Costs and limits of phenotypic plasticity. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 13: 77-81.
Diaz S, Hodgson JG, Thompson K, Cabido M, Cornelissen JH, Jalili A, Band SR. 2004. The plant traits that drive ecosystems: evidence from three continents. Journal of Vegetation Science 15: 295-304.
Domec JC, Gartner BL. 2003. Relationship between growth rates and xylem hydraulic characteristics in young, mature and old-growth ponderosa pine trees. Plant, Cell & Environment 26: 471-483.
Esler KJ, Von Staden L, Midgley GF. 2015. Determinants of the Fynbos/Succulent Karoo biome boundary: insights from a reciprocal transplant experiment. South African Journal of Botany 101: 120-128.
Falster DS, Westoby M. 2003. Plant height and evolutionary games. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 18: 337-343.
Frazer JM, Davis SD. 1988. Differential survival of chaparral seedlings during the first summer drought after wildfire. Oecologia 76: 215-221.
Gianoli E, González-Teuber M. 2005. Environmental heterogeneity and population differentiation in plasticity to drought in Convolvulus chilensis (Convolvulaceae). Evolutionary Ecology 19: 603-613.
Heelemann S, Procheş Ş, Rebelo AG, van Wilgen BW, Porembski S, Cowling RM. 2008. Fire season effects on the recruitment of non-sprouting serotinous Proteaceae in the eastern (bimodal rainfall) fynbos biome, South Africa. Austral Ecology 33: 119-127.
Hewitson BC, Crane RG. 2006. Consensus between GCM climate change projections with empirical downscaling: precipitation downscaling over South Africa. International Journal of Climatology 26: 1315-1337.
IPCC, Pachauri RK, Reisinger A, eds. 2007. Climate change 2007: synthesis report. Contribution of working groups I, II and III to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC.
Jacobsen AL, Pratt RB. 2018. Extensive drought-associated plant mortality as an agent of type-conversion in chaparral shrublands. New Phytologist 219: 498-504.
Jacobsen AL, Tobin MF, Toschi HS, Percolla MI, Pratt RB. 2016. Structural determinants of increased susceptibility to dehydration-induced cavitation in post-fire resprouting chaparral shrubs. Plant, Cell & Environment 39: 2473-2485.
Keeley JE. 1986. Resilience of Mediterranean shrub communities to fire. In: Dell B, Hopkins AJM, Lamont BB, eds. Resilience in Mediterranean type ecosystems. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: W. Junk Publishers, 95-112.
Keeley JE, Fotheringham CJ, Baer-Keeley M. 2005. Factors affecting plant diversity during post-fire recovery and succession of Mediterranean-climate shrublands in California, USA. Diversity and Distributions 11: 525-537.
Keeley JE, Keeley SC. 1977. Energy allocation patterns of a sprouting and a nonsprouting species of Arctostaphylos in the California chaparral. American Midland Naturalist 98: 1-10.
Klausmeyer KR, Shaw MR. 2009. Climate change, habitat loss, protected areas and the climate adaptation potential of species in Mediterranean ecosystems worldwide. PLoS ONE 4: e6392.
Kutiel P, Naveh Z. 1987. The effect of fire on nutrients in a pine forest soil. Plant and Soil 104: 269-274.
Lambers HANS, Poorter H. 1992. Inherent variation in growth rate between higher plants: a search for physiological causes and ecological consequences. Advances in Ecological Research 23: 187-261.
Leffler AJ, Monaco TA, James JJ. 2011. Nitrogen acquisition by annual and perennial grass seedlings: testing the roles of performance and plasticity to explain plant invasion. Plant Ecology 212: 1601-1611.
Levyns MR. 1938. Some evidence bearing on the past history of the Cape flora. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 26: 401-424.
Linder P, Campbell BM. 1979. Towards a structural-functional classification of fynbos: a comparison of methods. Bothalia 12: 723-729.
Lortie CJ, Aarssen LW. 1996. The specialization hypothesis for phenotypic plasticity in plants. International Journal of Plant Sciences 157: 484-487.
Manning J, Goldblatt P. 2012. Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region. 1: The Core Cape flora, Strelitzia 29. Pretoria, South Africa: South African National Biodiversity Institute.
Marumbwa FM, Cho MA, Chirwa PW. 2019. Analysis of spatio-temporal rainfall trends across southern African biomes between 1981 and 2016. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 114: e102808.
Moreno JM, Oechel WC. 1992. Factors controlling postfire seedling establishment in southern California chaparral. Oecologia 90: 50-60.
Moreno JM, Zuazua E, Pérez B, Luna B, Velasco A, Resco de Dios V. 2011. Rainfall patterns after fire differentially affect the recruitment of three Mediterranean shrubs. Biogeosciences 8: 3721-3732.
Mucina L, Rutherford MC. 2006. The vegetation of South Africa. Pretoria, South Africa: South African National Biodiversity Institute.
Murren CJ, Auld JR, Callahan H, Ghalambor CK, Handelsman CA, Heskel MA, Pfennig DW. 2015. Constraints on the evolution of phenotypic plasticity: limits and costs of phenotype and plasticity. Heredity 115: 293-301.
Nicotra AB, Atkin OK, Bonser SP, Davidson AM, Finnegan EJ, Mathesius U, van Kleunen M. 2010. Plant phenotypic plasticity in a changing climate. Trends in Plant Science 15: 684-692.
Nicotra AB, Hermes JP, Jones CS, Schlichting CD. 2007. Geographic variation and plasticity to water and nutrients in Pelargonium australe. New Phytologist 176: 136-149.
Parra A, Moreno JM. 2018. Drought differentially affects the post-fire dynamics of seeders and resprouters in a Mediterranean shrubland. Science of the Total Environment 626: 1219-1229.
Pausas JG, Pratt RB, Keeley JE, Jacobsen AL, Ramirez AR, Vilagrosa A, Davis SD. 2016. Towards understanding resprouting at the global scale. New Phytologist 209: 945-954.
Pintado A, Valladares F, Sancho LG. 1997. Exploring phenotypic plasticity in the lichen Ramalina capitata: morphology, water relations and chlorophyll content in north and south-facing populations. Annals of Botany 80: 345-353.
Power SC, Verboom GA, Bond WJ, Cramer MD. 2019. Does a tradeoff between trait plasticity and resource conservatism contribute to the maintenance of alternative stable states? New Phytologist 223: 1809-1819.
Pratt RB, Jacobsen AL, Ramirez AR, Helms AM, Traugh CA, Tobin MF, Davis SD. 2014. Mortality of resprouting chaparral shrubs after a fire and during a record drought: physiological mechanisms and demographic consequences. Global Change Biology 20: 893-907.
Prieto P, Peñuelas J, Lloret F, Llorens L, Estiarte M. 2009. Experimental drought and warming decrease diversity and slow down post-fire succession in a Mediterranean shrubland. Ecography 32: 623-636.
R Development Core Team. 2018. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
Richards MB, Lamont BB. 1996. Post-fire mortality and water relations of three congeneric shrub species under extreme water stress - a trade-off with fecundity? Oecologia 107: 53-60.
Shane MW, Cramer MD, Lambers H. 2008. Root of edaphically controlled Proteaceae turnover on the Agulhas Plain, South Africa: phosphate uptake regulation and growth. Plant, Cell & Environment 31: 1825-1833.
Shane MW, Lambers H. 2005. Cluster roots: a curiosity in context. Plant and Soil 274: 101-125.
Stock WD, Lewis OAM. 1986. Soil nitrogen and the role of fire as a mineralizing agent in a South African coastal fynbos ecosystem. The Journal of Ecology 1: 317-328.
Sultan SE. 2000. Phenotypic plasticity for plant development, function and life history. Trends in Plant Science 5: 537-542.
Tadross M, Jack C, Hewitson B. 2005. On RCM-based projections of change in southern African summer climate. Geophysical Research Letters 32: L23713.
Thuiller W, Slingsby JA, Privett SD, Cowling RM. 2007. Stochastic species turnover and stable coexistence in a species-rich, fire-prone plant community. PLoS ONE 2: e938.
Valladares F, Balaguer L, Martinez-Ferri E, Perez-Corona E, Manrique E. 2002. Plasticity, instability and canalization: is the phenotypic variation in seedlings of sclerophyll oaks consistent with the environmental unpredictability of Mediterranean ecosystems? New Phytologist 156: 457-467.
Valladares F, Gialoni E, Gómez JM. 2007. Ecological limits to phenotypic plasticity. New Phytologist 176: 749-763.
Valladares F, Wright SJ, Lasso E, Kitajima K, Pearcy RW. 2000. Plastic phenotypic response to light of 16 congeneric shrubs from a Panamanian rainforest. Ecology 81: 1925-1936.
Verboom GA, Stock WD, Cramer MD. 2017. Specialization to extremely low-nutrient soils limits the nutritional adaptability of plant lineages. American Naturalist 189: 684-699.
Vilagrosa A, Hernández EI, Luis VC, Cochard H, Pausas JG. 2014. Physiological differences explain the co-existence of different regeneration strategies in Mediterranean ecosystems. New Phytologist 201: 1277-1288.
Walter A, Schurr U. 2005. Dynamics of leaf and root growth: endogenous control versus environmental impact. Annals of Botany 95: 891-900.
West AG, Dawson TE, February EC, Midgley GF, Bond WJ, Aston TL. 2012. Diverse functional responses to drought in a Mediterranean-type shrubland in South Africa. New Phytologist 195: 396-407.
Witkowski ETF. 1988. Response to nutrient additions by the plant growth forms of sand-plain lowland fynbos, South Africa. Vegetatio 79: 89-97.
Witkowski ETF. 1991. Growth and competition between seedlings of Protea repens (L.) L. and the alien invasive, Acacia saligna (Labill.) Wendl. in relation to nutrient availability. Functional Ecology 1: 101-110.
Wright IJ, Reich PB, Westoby M, Ackerly DD, Baruch Z, Bongers F, Flexas J. 2004. The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. Nature 428: 821-827.
Zunzunegui M, Barradas MCD, Ain-Lhout F, Alvarez-Cansino L, Esquivias MP, Novo FG. 2011. Seasonal physiological plasticity and recovery capacity after summer stress in Mediterranean scrub communities. Plant Ecology 212: 127-142.