Upregulation of neuropeptides and obstructive airway disorder in infancy: A review with focus on post-RSV wheezing and NEHI.
RSV
bombesin
bronchiolitis
bronchiolitis obliterans
neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy
pulmonary neuroendocrine cells
substance P
Journal
Pediatric pulmonology
ISSN: 1099-0496
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Pulmonol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8510590
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2021
06 2021
Historique:
revised:
31
12
2020
received:
29
07
2020
accepted:
11
01
2021
pubmed:
2
2
2021
medline:
25
11
2021
entrez:
1
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Obstructive airway disorders, common in infancy and early childhood, include some entities that are recognized to have neuro immune mediators as their underlying pathogenetic mechanisms. The best characterized example amongst post-viral wheezing phenotypes is the disorder that follows respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and leads to intermittent, long-term wheezing. The underlying mechanisms of the airway reactivity related to RSV infection have been extensively studies and are associated with dysregulation of the nonadrenergic-noncholinergic (NANC) system, via upregulation of neurotransmitters, typically Substance P. Neuroendocrine hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI), while a less common entity, is a disorder characterized by more severe and long-term obstructive airway disease. NEHI is pathophysiologically characterized by abundance of neuroendocrine cells in the airways containing the neuroimmune mediator bombesin, the release of which is presumed to be the driver of the persistent small airway obstruction and functional air-trapping. Here we review the NANC and neuroendocrine cells, the neurotransmitter systems and their studied roles in pulmonary diseases with a focus on their role in lung development, and subsequent various pediatric lung diseases. We focus on the juxtaposition of the separate neuroimmune mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of post-RSV recurrent wheezing and NEHI's persistent small airway obstruction. We finally propose a unifying concept of neuropeptides in obstructive disorders that may encompass these two entities and possibly others.
Substances chimiques
Neuropeptides
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1297-1306Informations de copyright
© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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