Outcomes with a shorter multidrug-resistant tuberculosis regimen from Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan.


Journal

ERJ open research
ISSN: 2312-0541
Titre abrégé: ERJ Open Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101671641

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jan 2021
Historique:
received: 29 07 2020
accepted: 12 10 2020
entrez: 15 2 2021
pubmed: 16 2 2021
medline: 16 2 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

In 2016, World Health Organization guidelines conditionally recommended standardised shorter 9-12-month regimens for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) treatment. We conducted a prospective study of a shorter standardised MDR-TB regimen in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. Consecutive adults and children with confirmed rifampicin-resistant pulmonary TB were enrolled between September 1, 2013 and March 31, 2015; exclusions included prior treatment with second-line anti-TB drugs, and documented resistance to ofloxacin or to two second-line injectable agents. The primary outcome was recurrence-free cure at 1 year following treatment completion. Of 146 enrolled patients, 128 were included: 67 female (52.3%), median age 30.1 (interquartile range 23.8-44.4) years. At the end of treatment, 71.9% (92 out of 128) of patients achieved treatment success, with 68% (87 out of 128) achieving recurrence-free cure at 1 year following completion. Unsuccessful outcomes during treatment included 22 (17.2%) treatment failures with fluoroquinolone-resistance amplification in 8 patients (8 out of 22, 36.4%); 12 (9.4%) lost to follow-up; and 2 (1.5%) deaths. Recurrence occurred in one patient. Fourteen patients (10.9%) experienced serious adverse events. Baseline resistance to both pyrazinamide and ethambutol (adjusted OR 6.13, 95% CI 2.01; 18.63) and adherence <95% (adjusted OR 5.33, 95% CI 1.73; 16.36) were associated with unsuccessful outcome in multivariable logistic regression. Overall success with a standardised shorter MDR-TB regimen was moderate with considerable treatment failure and amplification of fluoroquinolone resistance. When introducing standardised shorter regimens, baseline drug susceptibility testing and minimising missed doses are critical. High rates globally of pyrazinamide, ethambutol and ethionamide resistance raise questions of continued inclusion of these drugs in shorter regimens in the absence of drug susceptibility testing-confirmed susceptibility.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
In 2016, World Health Organization guidelines conditionally recommended standardised shorter 9-12-month regimens for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) treatment. We conducted a prospective study of a shorter standardised MDR-TB regimen in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan.
METHODS METHODS
Consecutive adults and children with confirmed rifampicin-resistant pulmonary TB were enrolled between September 1, 2013 and March 31, 2015; exclusions included prior treatment with second-line anti-TB drugs, and documented resistance to ofloxacin or to two second-line injectable agents. The primary outcome was recurrence-free cure at 1 year following treatment completion.
RESULTS RESULTS
Of 146 enrolled patients, 128 were included: 67 female (52.3%), median age 30.1 (interquartile range 23.8-44.4) years. At the end of treatment, 71.9% (92 out of 128) of patients achieved treatment success, with 68% (87 out of 128) achieving recurrence-free cure at 1 year following completion. Unsuccessful outcomes during treatment included 22 (17.2%) treatment failures with fluoroquinolone-resistance amplification in 8 patients (8 out of 22, 36.4%); 12 (9.4%) lost to follow-up; and 2 (1.5%) deaths. Recurrence occurred in one patient. Fourteen patients (10.9%) experienced serious adverse events. Baseline resistance to both pyrazinamide and ethambutol (adjusted OR 6.13, 95% CI 2.01; 18.63) and adherence <95% (adjusted OR 5.33, 95% CI 1.73; 16.36) were associated with unsuccessful outcome in multivariable logistic regression.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Overall success with a standardised shorter MDR-TB regimen was moderate with considerable treatment failure and amplification of fluoroquinolone resistance. When introducing standardised shorter regimens, baseline drug susceptibility testing and minimising missed doses are critical. High rates globally of pyrazinamide, ethambutol and ethionamide resistance raise questions of continued inclusion of these drugs in shorter regimens in the absence of drug susceptibility testing-confirmed susceptibility.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33585652
doi: 10.1183/23120541.00537-2020
pii: 00537-2020
pmc: PMC7869592
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Informations de copyright

Copyright ©ERS 2021.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Conflict of interest: P. du Cros reports other funded work from TB Alliance for introduction of pretomanid, outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: A. Khamraev has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: Z. Tigay has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: T. Abdrasuliev has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J. Greig has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: G. Cooke has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: K. Herboczek has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: T. Pylypenko has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: C. Berry has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A. Ronnachit has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: D. Lister has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: S. Dietrich has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: C. Ariti has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: K. Safaev has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: B-T. Nyang'wa has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: N. Parpieva has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Tillashaykhov has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J. Achar has nothing to disclose.

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Auteurs

Philipp du Cros (P)

Manson Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, London, UK.
Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.

Atadjan Khamraev (A)

Supreme Council of Karakalpakstan, Nukus, Karakalpakstan.

Zinaida Tigay (Z)

Ministry of Health, Nukus, Karakalpakstan.

Tleubergen Abdrasuliev (T)

Médecins Sans Frontières, Nukus, Uzbekistan.

Jane Greig (J)

Manson Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, London, UK.
Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.

Graham Cooke (G)

Imperial College London, London, UK.

Krzysztof Herboczek (K)

Manson Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, London, UK.

Tanya Pylypenko (T)

Médecins Sans Frontières, Nukus, Uzbekistan.

Catherine Berry (C)

Manson Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, London, UK.

Amrita Ronnachit (A)

Médecins Sans Frontières, Nukus, Uzbekistan.

David Lister (D)

Médecins Sans Frontières, Nukus, Uzbekistan.

Sebastian Dietrich (S)

Médecins Sans Frontières, Berlin, Germany.

Cono Ariti (C)

Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.

Khasan Safaev (K)

Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Bern-Thomas Nyang'wa (BT)

Manson Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, London, UK.

Nargiza Parpieva (N)

Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Mirzagalib Tillashaikhov (M)

Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Jay Achar (J)

Manson Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, London, UK.
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Classifications MeSH