Evaluating the Longitudinal Efficacy of SafeTALK Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Training in a General Community Sample.
Journal
Suicide & life-threatening behavior
ISSN: 1943-278X
Titre abrégé: Suicide Life Threat Behav
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7608054
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2021
10 2021
Historique:
revised:
03
11
2020
received:
27
07
2020
accepted:
18
12
2020
pubmed:
18
2
2021
medline:
3
11
2021
entrez:
17
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The majority of individuals experiencing depression or in crisis do not seek assistance through formal support pathways. Thus, the presence of informal "gatekeepers" in the community is vital to identifying and supporting these individuals through crisis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal effectiveness of "SafeTALK" suicide prevention gatekeeper training in a general community sample. Two hundred and sixty-two community members participated in half-day (4-h) gatekeeper training sessions. Surveys were taken pre- and post-training and at 6-month follow-up to evaluate participants' knowledge, preparedness, and efficacy, as well as reluctance to intervene as a suicide prevention gatekeeper. Longitudinal effects were revealed for three of four evaluated appraisals. Scores for knowledge, preparedness, and efficacy were significantly higher (improved) 6 months after training, compared to pre-test. While participants showed even greater immediate effects (i.e., pre-test to post-test), follow-up scores indicate that the positive effects of training were sustained over 6 months. This study is the first to evaluate SafeTALK in a community population. SafeTALK was shown to be effective at improving knowledge, preparedness, and efficacy with effects declining over time but remaining significant from pre-test. Community suicide prevention programs can benefit from the inclusion of gatekeeper training programs.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
844-853Informations de copyright
© 2021 The American Association of Suicidology.
Références
Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In Action control (pp. 11-39). Springer.
Arensman, E., Coffey, C., Griffin, E., Van Audenhove, C., Scheerder, G., Gusmao, R., … Hegerl, U. (2016). Effectiveness of depression-suicidal behavior gatekeeper training among police officers in three European regions: Outcomes of the optimising suicide Prevention programmes and their Implementation in Europe (OSPI-Europe) study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 62(7), 651-660. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764016668907
Aseltine, R. H., & DeMartino, R. (2004). An outcome evaluation of the SOS suicide prevention program. American Journal of Public Health, 94(3), 446-451. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.94.3.446
Bailey, E., Spittal, M. J., Pirkis, J., Gould, M., & Robinson, J. (2017). Universal suicide prevention in young people. Crisis, 38(5), 300-308. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000465
Baker, S. T., Nicholas, J., Shand, F., Green, R., & Christensen, H. (2018). A comparison of multi-component systems approaches to suicide prevention. Australas Psychiatry, 26(2), 128-131. https://doi.org/10.1177/1039856217743888
Bean, G., & Baber, K. M. (2011). Connect: An effective community-based youth suicide prevention program. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 41(1), 87-97.
Bell, K. (2016). Examining the effectiveness of gatekeeper training in suicide prevention (Vol. 76). ProQuest Information & Learning.
Bruffaerts, R., Demyttenaere, K., Hwang, I., Chiu, W.-T., Sampson, N., Kessler, R. C., Alonso, J., Borges, G., de Girolamo, G., de Graaf, R., Florescu, S., Gureje, O., Hu, C., Karam, E. G., Kawakami, N., Kostyuchenko, S., Kovess-Masfety, V., Lee, S., Levinson, D., … Nock, M. K. (2011). Treatment of suicidal people around the world. British Journal of Psychiatry, 199(1), 64-70. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.110.084129.
Burnette, C., Ramchand, R., & Ayer, L. (2015). Gatekeeper training for suicide prevention: A theoretical model and review of the empirical literature. Rand Health Q, 5(1), 16.
Coleman, D., & Del Quest, A. (2015). Science from evaluation: Testing hypotheses about differential effects of three youth-focused suicide prevention trainings. Social Work in Public Health, 30(2), 117-128.
Corrigan, P. (2004). How stigma interferes with mental health care. J American Psychologist, 59(7), 614. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.59.7.614
Cross, W. F., Seaburn, D., Gibbs, D., Schmeelk-Cone, K., White, A. M., & Caine, E. D. (2011). Does practice make perfect? A randomized control trial of behavioral rehearsal on suicide prevention gatekeeper skills. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 32(3), 195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-011-0250-z
Griffiths, K. M., Christensen, H., Jorm, A. F., Evans, K., & Groves, C. (2004). Effect of web-based depression literacy and cognitive-behavioural therapy interventions on stigmatising attitudes to depression: Randomised controlled trial. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 185(4), 342-349.
Gould, M. S., Cross, W., Pisani, A. R., Munfakh, J. L., & Kleinman, M. (2013). Impact of applied suicide intervention skills training on the national suicide prevention lifeline. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 43(6), 676-691. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12049
Hashimoto, N., Suzuki, Y., Kato, T. A., Fujisawa, D., Sato, R., Aoyama-Uehara, K., Fukasawa, M., Asakura, S., Kusumi, I., & Otsuka, K. (2016). Effectiveness of suicide prevention gatekeeper-training for university administrative staff in japan. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 70(1), 62-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12358
Hegerl, U., Wittmann, M., Arensman, E., van Audenhove, C., Bouleau, J.-H., van der Feltz-Cornelis, C., Gusmao, R., Kopp, M., Löhr, C., Maxwell, M., Meise, U., Mirjanic, M., Oskarsson, H., Perez Sola, V., Pull, C., Pycha, R., Ricka, R., Tuulari, J., Värnik, A., & Pfeiffer-Gerschel, T. (2008). The ‘European Alliance Against Depression (EAAD)’: A multifaceted, community-based action programme against depression and suicidality. World J Biol Psychiatry, 9(1), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/15622970701216681
Holmes, G., Clacy, A., Hermens, D. F., & Lagopoulos, J. (2019). The long-term efficacy of suicide prevention gatekeeper training: A systematic review. Archives of Suicide Research, 1-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2019.1690608
Isaac, M., Elias, B., Katz, L. Y., Belik, S.-L., Deane, F. P., Enns, M. W., & Sareen, J. (2009). Gatekeeper training as a preventative intervention for suicide: A systematic review. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 54(4), 260-268.
Jorm, A. F., Griffiths, K. M., Christensen, H., Korten, A. E., Parslow, R. A., & Rodgers, B. (2003). Providing information about the effectiveness of treatment options to depressed people in the community: a randomized controlled trial of effects on mental health literacy, help-seeking and symptoms. Psychological medicine, 33(6), 1071.
Jorm, A. F., Nicholas, A., Pirkis, J., Rossetto, A., & Reavley, N. J. (2018). Associations of training to assist a suicidal person with subsequent quality of support: Results from a national survey of the Australian public. BMC Psychiatry, 18(1), 132. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1722-y
Keller, D. P., Schut, L. J. A., Puddy, R. W., Williams, L., Stephens, R. L., McKeon, R., & Lubell, K. (2009). Tennessee lives count: Statewide gatekeeper training for youth suicide prevention. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(2), 126-133. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014889
Kerr, S., Martin, C., & Fleming, M. (2018). Preventing suicide; nurse education and the occluded issue of gender. Nurse Education in Practice, 32, 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2018.07.004
Kinchin, I., Russell, A. M., Petrie, D., Mifsud, A., Manning, L., & Doran, C. M. J. A. H. E., & policy, h. (2019). Program evaluation and decision analytic modelling of universal suicide prevention training (safeTALK) in secondary schools. 1-14.
Kutcher, S., Wei, Y., & Behzadi, P. (2016). School- and community-based youth suicide prevention interventions: Hot idea, hot air, or sham? The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 62(6), 381-387. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743716659245
Kutcher, S., Wei, Y., & Behzadi, P. (2017). Suicide prevention. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 62(4), 296-297. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743717695087
Lancaster, P. G., Moore, J. T., Putter, S. E., Chen, P. Y., Cigularov, K. P., Baker, A., & Quinnett, P. (2014). Feasibility of a web-based gatekeeper training: Implications for suicide prevention. Suicide and Lifethreatening Behavior, 44(5), 510-523. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12086
Mann, J. J., Apter, A., Bertolote, J., Beautrais, A., Currier, D., Haas, A., Hegerl, U., Lonnqvist, J., Malone, K., Marusic, A., Mehlum, L., Patton, G., Phillips, M., Rutz, W., Rihmer, Z., Schmidtke, A., Shaffer, D., Silverman, M., Takahashi, Y., … Hendin, H. (2005). Suicide prevention strategies: A systematic review. JAMA, 294(16), 2064-2074. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.16.2064
Matthieu, M. M., Chen, Y., Schohn, M., Lantinga, L. J., & Knox, K. L. (2009). Educational preferences and outcomes from suicide prevention training in the Veterans Health Administration: One-year follow-up with healthcare employees in Upstate New York. Military Medicine, 174(11), 1123-1131.
Matthieu, M. M., Cross, W., Batres, A. R., Flora, C. M., & Knox, K. L. (2008). Evaluation of gatekeeper training for suicide prevention in veterans. Arch Suicide Res, 12(2), 148-154. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811110701857491
Mellanby, R. J., Hudson, N. P. H., Allister, R., Bell, C. E., Else, R. W., Gunn-Moore, D. A., Byrne, C., Straiton, S., & Rhind, S. M. (2010). Evaluation of suicide awareness programmes delivered to veterinary undergraduates and academic staff. The Veterinary Record, 167(19), 730-734. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.c5427
Pitman, A., & Osborn, D. P. (2011). Cross-cultural attitudes to help-seeking among individuals who are suicidal: New perspective for policy-makers. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 199(1), 8-10.
Reiff, M., Kumar, M., Bvunzawabaya, B., Madabhushi, S., Spiegel, A., Bolnick, B., & Magen, E. (2018). I CARE: Development and evaluation of a campus gatekeeper training program for mental health promotion and suicide prevention. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 33(2), 107-130.
Salas, E., & Cannon-Bowers, J. A. (2001). The science of training: A decade of progress. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 471-499.
Sareen, J., Isaak, C., Bolton, S.-L., Enns, M. W., Elias, B., Deane, F., Munro, G., Stein, M. B., Chateau, D., Gould, M., & Katz, L. Y., … 2013). Gatekeeper training for suicide prevention in First Nations community members: A randomized controlled trial. Depress Anxiety, 30(10), 1021-1029. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22141
Schwartz, C. E., Andresen, E. M., Nosek, M. A., Krahn, G. L. (2007). Response shift theory: Important implications for measuring quality of life in people with disability. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 88(4), 529-536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2006.12.032
Shannonhouse, L., Lin, Y.-W.- D., Shaw, K., Wanna, R., & Porter, M. (2017). Suicide intervention training for college staff: Program evaluation and intervention skill measurement. Journal of American College Health, 65(7), 450-456. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2017.1341893
Tompkins, T. L., & Witt, J. (2009). The short-term effectiveness of a suicide prevention gatekeeper training program in a college setting with residence life advisers. J Prim Prev, 30(2), 131-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-009-0171-2
Turley, B. (2018). SafeTALK literature review: An overview of its rationale. Conceptual Framework, and Research Foundations.
Uttley, J. (2019). Power analysis, sample size, and assessment of statistical assumptions-improving the evidential value of lighting research. LEUKOS, 15(2-3), 143-162. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502724.2018.1533851
Wilson, B., & Neufeld, E. (2017). The safeTALK suicide training: An evaluation of attitudes and actions among medical students.
World Health Organization. (2018). Suicide prevention: Toolkit for engaging communities. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/mental_health/suicide-prevention/engaging_communities_toolkit/en/
Wyman, P. A., Brown, C. H., Inman, J., Cross, W., Schmeelk-Cone, K., Guo, J., & Pena, J. B. (2008). Randomized trial of a gatekeeper program for suicide prevention: 1-year impact on secondary school staff. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 76(1), 104-115. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.76.1.104