Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 spike (S) protein based vaccine candidates: State of the art and future prospects.
Antibodies, Viral
/ biosynthesis
COVID-19
/ epidemiology
COVID-19 Vaccines
/ administration & dosage
Clinical Trials as Topic
Genetic Vectors
/ chemistry
Genome, Viral
/ immunology
Humans
Immunity, Innate
/ drug effects
Immunization Schedule
Immunogenicity, Vaccine
Pandemics
Patient Safety
SARS-CoV-2
/ drug effects
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
/ chemistry
Vaccines, Attenuated
Vaccines, DNA
Vaccines, Subunit
RBD
SARS-CoV-2
spike
vaccine
Journal
Reviews in medical virology
ISSN: 1099-1654
Titre abrégé: Rev Med Virol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9112448
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2021
05 2021
Historique:
revised:
30
09
2020
received:
25
08
2020
accepted:
01
10
2020
pubmed:
18
2
2021
medline:
1
6
2021
entrez:
17
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which is responsible for a global pandemic that started in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. To prevent the worldwide spread of this highly pathogenic virus, development of an effective and safe vaccine is urgently needed. The SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV share a high degree of genetic and pathologic identity and share safety and immune-enhancement concerns regarding vaccine development. Prior animal studies with first generation (whole virus-based) preparations of SARS-CoV vaccines (inactivated and attenuated vaccine modalities) indicated the possibility of increased infectivity or eosinophilic infiltration by immunization. Therefore, development of second and third generation safer vaccines (by using modern vaccine platforms) is actively sought for this viral infection. The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoVs is the main determinant of cell entry and tropism and is responsible for facilitating zoonosis into humans and sustained person-to-person transmission. Furthermore, 'S' protein contains multiple neutralizing epitopes that play an essential role in the induction of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and protective immunity. Moreover, T-cell responses against the SARS-CoV-2 'S' protein have also been characterized that correlate to the IgG and IgA antibody titres in Covid-19 patients. Thus, S protein is an obvious candidate antigen for inclusion into vaccine platforms against SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. This manuscript reviews different characteristics of S protein, its potency and 'state of the art' of the vaccine development strategies and platforms using this antigen, for construction of a safe and effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33594794
doi: 10.1002/rmv.2183
pmc: PMC7646037
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antibodies, Viral
0
COVID-19 Vaccines
0
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
0
Vaccines, Attenuated
0
Vaccines, DNA
0
Vaccines, Subunit
0
spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e2183Informations de copyright
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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