Insights Into the Role of CircRNAs: Biogenesis, Characterization, Functional, and Clinical Impact in Human Malignancies.
RNA binding protein
circRNA
drug resistance
miRNA sponges
signaling pathways
tumor
Journal
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology
ISSN: 2296-634X
Titre abrégé: Front Cell Dev Biol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101630250
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
14
10
2020
accepted:
04
01
2021
entrez:
22
2
2021
pubmed:
23
2
2021
medline:
23
2
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved novel class of non-coding endogenous RNAs (ncRNAs) found in the eukaryotic transcriptome, originally believed to be aberrant RNA splicing by-products with decreased functionality. However, recent advances in high-throughput genomic technology have allowed circRNAs to be characterized in detail and revealed their role in controlling various biological and molecular processes, the most essential being gene regulation. Because of the structural stability, high expression, availability of microRNA (miRNA) binding sites and tissue-specific expression, circRNAs have become hot topic of research in RNA biology. Compared to the linear RNA, circRNAs are produced differentially by backsplicing exons or lariat introns from a pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) forming a covalently closed loop structure missing 3' poly-(A) tail or 5' cap, rendering them immune to exonuclease-mediated degradation. Emerging research has identified multifaceted roles of circRNAs as miRNA and RNA binding protein (RBP) sponges and transcription, translation, and splicing event regulators. CircRNAs have been involved in many human illnesses, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, due to their aberrant expression in different pathological conditions. The functional versatility exhibited by circRNAs enables them to serve as potential diagnostic or predictive biomarkers for various diseases. This review discusses the properties, characterization, profiling, and the diverse molecular mechanisms of circRNAs and their use as potential therapeutic targets in different human malignancies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33614648
doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.617281
pmc: PMC7894079
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
617281Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Nisar, Bhat, Singh, Karedath, Rizwan, Hashem, Bagga, Reddy, Jamal, Uddin, Chand, Bedognetti, El-Rifai, Frenneaux, Macha, Ahmed and Haris.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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