Underestimation of COVID-19 mortality during the pandemic.


Journal

ERJ open research
ISSN: 2312-0541
Titre abrégé: ERJ Open Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101671641

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jan 2021
Historique:
received: 20 10 2020
accepted: 25 11 2020
entrez: 22 2 2021
pubmed: 23 2 2021
medline: 23 2 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

There has been considerable international variation in mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences between mortality registered as due to COVID-19 and the excess all-cause mortality reported in countries worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ecological analysis of 22 countries compared 5-year historical all-cause mortality, reported all-cause mortality and expected all-cause mortality (calculated as historical mortality plus the reported deaths attributed to COVID-19). Data available from the first week of January 2020 to that most recently available were analysed. Compared to the preceding 5 years, there was an excess of 716 616 deaths, of which 64.3% were attributed to COVID-19. The proportion of deaths registered as COVID-19-related/excess deaths varied markedly between countries, ranging between 30% and 197% in those countries that had an excess of deaths during the period of observation. In most countries where a definite peak in COVID-19-related deaths occurred, the increase in reported all-cause mortality preceded the increase in COVID-19 reported mortality. During the latter period of observation, a few countries reported fewer all-cause deaths than the historical figures. The increases in all-cause mortality preceded the increase in COVID-19 mortality in most countries that had definite spikes in COVID-19 mortality. The number of deaths attributed to COVID-19 was underestimated by at least 35%. Together these findings suggest that calculation of excess all-cause mortality is a better predictor of COVID-19 mortality than the reported rates, in those countries experiencing definite increases in mortality.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
There has been considerable international variation in mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences between mortality registered as due to COVID-19 and the excess all-cause mortality reported in countries worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS METHODS
Ecological analysis of 22 countries compared 5-year historical all-cause mortality, reported all-cause mortality and expected all-cause mortality (calculated as historical mortality plus the reported deaths attributed to COVID-19). Data available from the first week of January 2020 to that most recently available were analysed.
RESULTS RESULTS
Compared to the preceding 5 years, there was an excess of 716 616 deaths, of which 64.3% were attributed to COVID-19. The proportion of deaths registered as COVID-19-related/excess deaths varied markedly between countries, ranging between 30% and 197% in those countries that had an excess of deaths during the period of observation. In most countries where a definite peak in COVID-19-related deaths occurred, the increase in reported all-cause mortality preceded the increase in COVID-19 reported mortality. During the latter period of observation, a few countries reported fewer all-cause deaths than the historical figures.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
The increases in all-cause mortality preceded the increase in COVID-19 mortality in most countries that had definite spikes in COVID-19 mortality. The number of deaths attributed to COVID-19 was underestimated by at least 35%. Together these findings suggest that calculation of excess all-cause mortality is a better predictor of COVID-19 mortality than the reported rates, in those countries experiencing definite increases in mortality.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33614772
doi: 10.1183/23120541.00766-2020
pii: 00766-2020
pmc: PMC7734715
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Informations de copyright

Copyright ©ERS 2021.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Conflict of interest: S. Kung has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Doppen has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Black has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: I. Braithwaite has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: C. Kearns has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Weatherall has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: R. Beasley has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: N. Kearns has nothing to disclose.

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Auteurs

Stacey Kung (S)

Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.

Marjan Doppen (M)

Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.

Melissa Black (M)

Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.

Irene Braithwaite (I)

Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.

Ciléin Kearns (C)

Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.

Mark Weatherall (M)

Dept of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.

Richard Beasley (R)

Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.
Capital and Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand.

Nethmi Kearns (N)

Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.
Capital and Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand.

Classifications MeSH