Impact of cumulative incarceration and the post-release period on syringe-sharing among people who inject drugs in Tijuana, Mexico: a longitudinal analysis.
Cumulative incarceration
PWID
Tijuana
longitudinal
multiple imputation
post-release
re-entry
Journal
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
ISSN: 1360-0443
Titre abrégé: Addiction
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9304118
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2021
10 2021
Historique:
revised:
14
12
2020
received:
15
09
2020
accepted:
02
02
2021
pubmed:
24
2
2021
medline:
30
9
2021
entrez:
23
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Syringe-sharing among people who inject drugs, which can occur during incarceration and post-release, has been linked with increased risk of blood-borne infections. We aimed to investigate the cumulative effect of repeated incarceration and the post-release period on receptive syringe-sharing. Ongoing community-based cohort, recruited through targeted sampling between 2011 and 2012 with 6-month follow-ups. Tijuana, Mexico. Sample of 185 participants (median age 35 years; 67% female) with no history of incarceration at study entry, followed to 2017. Cumulative incarceration and post-release period were constructed from incarceration events reported in the past 6 months for each study visit. Receptive syringe-sharing in the past 6 months was assessed as a binary variable. We used logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to examine the association between cumulative incarceration events and the post-release period with receptive syringe-sharing over time. Missing data were handled through multiple imputation. At baseline, 65% of participants engaged in receptive syringe-sharing in the prior 6 months. At follow-up, 150 (81%) participants experienced a total of 358 incarceration events [median = 2, interquartile range (IQR) = 1-3]. The risk of receptive syringe-sharing increased with the number of repeated incarcerations. Compared with never incarcerated, those with one incarceration had 1.28 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.97-1.68] higher adjusted odds of syringe-sharing; two to three incarcerations, 1.42 (95% CI = 1.02-1.99) and more than three incarcerations, 2.10 (95% CI = 1.15-3.85). Participants released within the past 6 months had 1.53 (95% CI = 1.14-2.05) higher odds of sharing syringes compared with those never incarcerated. This post-release risk continued up to 1.5 years post-incarceration (adjusted odds ratio = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.04-1.91), but then waned. A longitudinal community cohort study among people who inject drugs suggested that the effects of incarceration on increased injecting risk, measured through syringe-sharing, are cumulative and persist during the post-release period.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Syringe-sharing among people who inject drugs, which can occur during incarceration and post-release, has been linked with increased risk of blood-borne infections. We aimed to investigate the cumulative effect of repeated incarceration and the post-release period on receptive syringe-sharing.
DESIGN
Ongoing community-based cohort, recruited through targeted sampling between 2011 and 2012 with 6-month follow-ups.
SETTING
Tijuana, Mexico.
PARTICIPANTS
Sample of 185 participants (median age 35 years; 67% female) with no history of incarceration at study entry, followed to 2017.
MEASUREMENTS
Cumulative incarceration and post-release period were constructed from incarceration events reported in the past 6 months for each study visit. Receptive syringe-sharing in the past 6 months was assessed as a binary variable. We used logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to examine the association between cumulative incarceration events and the post-release period with receptive syringe-sharing over time. Missing data were handled through multiple imputation.
FINDINGS
At baseline, 65% of participants engaged in receptive syringe-sharing in the prior 6 months. At follow-up, 150 (81%) participants experienced a total of 358 incarceration events [median = 2, interquartile range (IQR) = 1-3]. The risk of receptive syringe-sharing increased with the number of repeated incarcerations. Compared with never incarcerated, those with one incarceration had 1.28 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.97-1.68] higher adjusted odds of syringe-sharing; two to three incarcerations, 1.42 (95% CI = 1.02-1.99) and more than three incarcerations, 2.10 (95% CI = 1.15-3.85). Participants released within the past 6 months had 1.53 (95% CI = 1.14-2.05) higher odds of sharing syringes compared with those never incarcerated. This post-release risk continued up to 1.5 years post-incarceration (adjusted odds ratio = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.04-1.91), but then waned.
CONCLUSIONS
A longitudinal community cohort study among people who inject drugs suggested that the effects of incarceration on increased injecting risk, measured through syringe-sharing, are cumulative and persist during the post-release period.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33620749
doi: 10.1111/add.15445
pmc: PMC8380753
mid: NIHMS1673355
doi:
Substances chimiques
Pharmaceutical Preparations
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2724-2733Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA039073
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : DP2 DA049295
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R01 AI147490
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R37 DA019829
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : P30 AI036214
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : K01 DA043421
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA037773
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2021 Society for the Study of Addiction.
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