Sex differences in systemic metabolites at four life stages: cohort study with repeated metabolomics.
ALSPAC
Coronary heart disease
Epidemiology
Metabolites
NMR metabolomics
Sex differences
Journal
BMC medicine
ISSN: 1741-7015
Titre abrégé: BMC Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101190723
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
24 02 2021
24 02 2021
Historique:
received:
24
08
2020
accepted:
27
01
2021
entrez:
24
2
2021
pubmed:
25
2
2021
medline:
12
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Males experience higher rates of coronary heart disease (CHD) than females, but the circulating traits underpinning this difference are poorly understood. We examined sex differences in systemic metabolites measured at four life stages, spanning childhood to middle adulthood. Data were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (7727 offspring, 49% male; and 6500 parents, 29% male). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( At 8 years, total lipids in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) were lower in males; levels were higher in males at 16 years and higher still by 18 years and 50 years (among parents) for medium-or-larger subclasses. Larger sex differences at older ages were most pronounced for VLDL triglycerides-males had 0.19 standard deviations (SD) (95% CI = 0.12, 0.26) higher at 18 years, 0.50 SD (95% CI = 0.42, 0.57) higher at 25 years, and 0.62 SD (95% CI = 0.55, 0.68) higher at 50 years. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein-B, and glycoprotein acetyls were generally lower in males across ages. The direction and magnitude of effects were largely unchanged when adjusting for body mass index measured at the time of metabolite assessment on each occasion. Our results suggest that males begin to have higher VLDL triglyceride levels in adolescence, with larger sex differences at older ages. Sex differences in other CHD-relevant metabolites, including LDL cholesterol, show the opposite pattern with age, with higher levels among females. Such life course trends may inform causal analyses with clinical endpoints in specifying traits which underpin higher age-adjusted CHD rates commonly seen among males.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Males experience higher rates of coronary heart disease (CHD) than females, but the circulating traits underpinning this difference are poorly understood. We examined sex differences in systemic metabolites measured at four life stages, spanning childhood to middle adulthood.
METHODS
Data were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (7727 offspring, 49% male; and 6500 parents, 29% male). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (
RESULTS
At 8 years, total lipids in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) were lower in males; levels were higher in males at 16 years and higher still by 18 years and 50 years (among parents) for medium-or-larger subclasses. Larger sex differences at older ages were most pronounced for VLDL triglycerides-males had 0.19 standard deviations (SD) (95% CI = 0.12, 0.26) higher at 18 years, 0.50 SD (95% CI = 0.42, 0.57) higher at 25 years, and 0.62 SD (95% CI = 0.55, 0.68) higher at 50 years. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein-B, and glycoprotein acetyls were generally lower in males across ages. The direction and magnitude of effects were largely unchanged when adjusting for body mass index measured at the time of metabolite assessment on each occasion.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that males begin to have higher VLDL triglyceride levels in adolescence, with larger sex differences at older ages. Sex differences in other CHD-relevant metabolites, including LDL cholesterol, show the opposite pattern with age, with higher levels among females. Such life course trends may inform causal analyses with clinical endpoints in specifying traits which underpin higher age-adjusted CHD rates commonly seen among males.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33622307
doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-01929-2
pii: 10.1186/s12916-021-01929-2
pmc: PMC7903597
doi:
Substances chimiques
Triglycerides
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
58Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_PC_19009
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_PC_15018
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : G9815508
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 102215/2/13/2
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 217065/Z/19/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/M009351/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UU_00011/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UU_00011/6
Pays : United Kingdom
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