Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy: A Unique Presentation of Multiple Myeloma.
cancer
encephalopathy
hyperammonemia
malignancy
multiple myeloma
plasma cell
Journal
Cureus
ISSN: 2168-8184
Titre abrégé: Cureus
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101596737
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
19 Jan 2021
19 Jan 2021
Historique:
entrez:
25
2
2021
pubmed:
26
2
2021
medline:
26
2
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of plasma cells which are commonly found in the bone marrow. Known for causing a wide range of symptoms and affecting various organ systems, multiple myeloma is a rare malignancy with the entire pathophysiological process yet to be elucidated. We present a case of a 51-year-old male with a history of previously treated multiple myeloma in remission, initially presenting with chest pain with an unremarkable work-up. His hospital course was complicated by hyperammonemia causing encephalopathy requiring mechanical ventilation. After an extensive work-up to find an underlying cause, he was diagnosed with relapsing multiple myeloma. Due to a prolonged and complicated hospital course, the family pursued comfort measures and the patient passed away peacefully. Multiple myeloma induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare phenomenon carrying a high morbidity and mortality rate. Being still poorly understood, this manifestation of an already lethal diagnosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis of hyperammonemia. While early and aggressive treatment has shown some benefit and improved patient outcomes, further studies and understanding is needed to help diminish the mortality associated with hyperammonemic encephalopathy due to multiple myeloma.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33628653
doi: 10.7759/cureus.12781
pmc: PMC7891795
doi:
Types de publication
Case Reports
Langues
eng
Pagination
e12781Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021, Douedi et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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