[Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Peripheral and Central Vestibular Disorders].

The diagnosis of the various peripheral and central vestibular disorders is mainly based on the patient history (time course, type of symptoms, modulating factors, and accompanying symptoms) and a systematic clinical examination of the vestibular, ocular motor, and cerebellar systems (examination for nystagmus, head impulse test, positional maneuvers, Romberg test and examination for central ocular motor signs). The two most important laboratory tests are the "video-head impulse test" and caloric irrigation. Fortunately, the diagnosis of vestibular disorders has become easier and more precise as a result of the very clinically oriented diagnostic criteria of the Bárány Society (www.jvr-web.org/ICVD.html). Die Diagnose der verschiedenen peripheren und zentralen Schwindelsyndrome basiert auf einer systematischen Anamnese und kombinierten klinischen Untersuchung der vestibulären, okulomotorischen und zerebellären Systeme. Die wichtigsten apparativen diagnostischen Verfahren sind der Video-Kopfimpulstest und die kalorische Testung. Die Diagnosestellung ist durch die neuen Diagnosekriterien der Bárány-Society vereinfacht worden (www.jvr-web.org/ICVD.html).

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M. Strupp is Joint Chief Editor of the Journal of Neurology, Editor in Chief of Frontiers of Neurootology and Section Editor of F1000. He has received speaker’s honoraria from Abbott, Actelion, Auris Medical, Biogen, Eisai, Grünenthal, GSK, Henning Pharma, Interacoustics, Merck, MSD, Otometrics, Pierre-Fabre, TEVA, UCB. He is a shareholder of IntraBio. He acts as a consultant for Abbott, Actelion, AurisMedical, Heel, IntraBio and Sensorion.