Electrophysiology Echoes Brain Dynamics in Children and Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome-A Developmental Perspective.

ADHD Tourette syndrome brain maturation children development electrophysiology tics treatment

Journal

Frontiers in neurology

ISSN: 1664-2295

Titre abrégé: Front Neurol

Pays: Switzerland

ID NLM: 101546899

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2021

Historique:

received: 24 07 2020

accepted: 19 01 2021

entrez: 4 3 2021

pubmed: 5 3 2021

medline: 5 3 2021

Statut: epublish

Résumé

The development of the complex clinical picture of motor and vocal tics in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome (TS) must be paralleled by changes in the underlying pathophysiology. Electrophysiological methods such as EEG and event-related potentials (ERPs) are non-invasive, safe and easy to apply and thus seem to provide an adequate means to investigate brain dynamics during this brain maturational period. Also, electrophysiology is characterized by a high time resolution and can reflect motor, sensory and cognitive aspects as well as sleep behavior. Hence, this narrative review focuses on how electrophysiology echoes brain dynamics during development of youngsters with TS and might be useful for the treatment of tics. A comprehensive picture of developmental brain dynamics could be revealed showing that electrophysiological parameters evolve concurrently with clinical characteristics of TS. Specifically, evidence for a maturational delay of motor inhibition related to cortico-spinal hyper-excitability and brain mechanisms for its cognitive compensation could be shown. Moreover, deviant sleep parameters and probably a stronger perception-action binding were reported. For neuromodulatory treatments (e.g., neurofeedback; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, rTMS/transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS) targeting neuronal deficits and/or strengthening compensatory brain mechanisms, pilot studies support the possibility of positive effects regarding tic reduction. Finally, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as a highly frequent co-existing disorder with TS, has to be considered when using and interpreting electrophysiological measures in TS. In conclusion, application of electrophysiology seems to be promising regarding clinical and research aspects in youngsters with TS.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.587097 PMID: 33658971 PMC: PMC7917116

pubmed: 33658971

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.587097

pmc: PMC7917116

doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Pagination

587097

Informations de copyright

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

HH is an employee of neuroCare Group. The remaining author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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