Rethinking delusions: A selective review of delusion research through a computational lens.
Beads task
Computational psychiatry
Delusions
Inference
Psychosis
Schizophrenia
Journal
Schizophrenia research
ISSN: 1573-2509
Titre abrégé: Schizophr Res
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8804207
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2022
07 2022
Historique:
received:
10
10
2020
revised:
27
01
2021
accepted:
29
01
2021
pubmed:
8
3
2021
medline:
28
6
2022
entrez:
7
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Delusions are rigid beliefs held with high certainty despite contradictory evidence. Notwithstanding decades of research, we still have a limited understanding of the computational and neurobiological alterations giving rise to delusions. In this review, we highlight a selection of recent work in computational psychiatry aimed at developing quantitative models of inference and its alterations, with the goal of providing an explanatory account for the form of delusional beliefs in psychosis. First, we assess and evaluate the experimental paradigms most often used to study inferential alterations in delusions. Based on our review of the literature and theoretical considerations, we contend that classic draws-to-decision paradigms are not well-suited to isolate inferential processes, further arguing that the commonly cited 'jumping-to-conclusion' bias may reflect neither delusion-specific nor inferential alterations. Second, we discuss several enhancements to standard paradigms that show promise in more effectively isolating inferential processes and delusion-related alterations therein. We further draw on our recent work to build an argument for a specific failure mode for delusions consisting of prior overweighting in high-level causal inferences about partially observable hidden states. Finally, we assess plausible neurobiological implementations for this candidate failure mode of delusional beliefs and outline promising future directions in this area.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33676820
pii: S0920-9964(21)00065-7
doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.01.023
pmc: PMC8413395
mid: NIHMS1681741
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
23-41Subventions
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH114965
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH117323
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : T32 MH018870
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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