Immunotherapy responsive SARS-CoV-2 infection exacerbating opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome.

The global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has been known to have diverse neurologic complications among adult patients. The neurologic effects of SARS-CoV-2 in the pediatric population is poorly described, especially in those with rare underlying neurologic conditions. We describe the first known case of SARS-CoV-2 in a pediatric patient with refractory opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. A 25-month-old female with progressive opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome secondary to metastatic neuroblastoma status-post resection and chemotherapy presented with worsening opsoclonus, tremor, and breakthrough seizures. She had no fever or respiratory symptoms at presentation. Urine catecholamines were unchanged, with low suspicion for tumor recurrence. She was found to have SARS-CoV-2 via nasopharnygeal PCR assay. She received intravenous immunoglobulin and dexamethasone therapy with improvement in opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome symptoms and was discharged home at her neurologic baseline. Patients with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome may present with exacerbation of symptoms in the context of SARS-CoV-2. This case describes a sentinel report of a child with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome presenting with worsening symptoms with concomitant SARS-CoV-2. Improvement in symptoms was achieved with standard of care therapies.

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Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.