Mutation profile and immunoscore signature in thymic carcinomas: An exploratory study and review of the literature.
Germline mutation
immunoscore
next-generation sequencing
somatic mutation
thymic carcinoma
Journal
Thoracic cancer
ISSN: 1759-7714
Titre abrégé: Thorac Cancer
Pays: Singapore
ID NLM: 101531441
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2021
05 2021
Historique:
revised:
16
11
2020
received:
02
10
2020
accepted:
17
11
2020
pubmed:
12
3
2021
medline:
15
12
2021
entrez:
11
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Significant efforts have been made to investigate the molecular pathways involved in thymic carcinogenesis. However, genetic findings have still not impacted clinical practice. The aim of this exploratory trial was to evaluate the immunoscore and molecular profile of a series of thymic carcinomas (TCs), correlating this data with clinical outcome. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) TC tissues were retrieved from our center archive. The immunoscore was evaluated according to Angell and Gallon. DNA was extracted from FFPE tumor samples and, when available, from adjacent histologically normal tissues. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed targeting hotspot regions of 50 oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. A series of 15 TCs were analyzed. After a median follow-up of 82.4 months, the median overall survival was 104.7 months. The immunoscore was >2 in 5/15 patients (33%). Among the investigated genes, absence of mutations was observed in 5/15 patients (33%), whereas three variants in 1/15 (6%) patient, two variants in 4/15 (26%) patients, and one variant in 5/15 patients (33%) were found. The most recurrently mutated genes were FGFR3 (five mutations) and CDKN2A (three mutations, two of which were nonsense). Patients with CDKN2A loss showed a statistically significantly worse survival (P = 0.0013), whereas patients with FGFR3 mutations showed a statistically significantly better survival (P = 0.048). This study adds data to the few existing reports on the mutational landscape of TCs, providing the first comprehensive analysis to date. Here, we confirm the low rate of mutations in TCs and suggest FGFR3 and CDKN2A mutations as intriguing potential therapeutic targets.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Significant efforts have been made to investigate the molecular pathways involved in thymic carcinogenesis. However, genetic findings have still not impacted clinical practice. The aim of this exploratory trial was to evaluate the immunoscore and molecular profile of a series of thymic carcinomas (TCs), correlating this data with clinical outcome.
METHODS
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) TC tissues were retrieved from our center archive. The immunoscore was evaluated according to Angell and Gallon. DNA was extracted from FFPE tumor samples and, when available, from adjacent histologically normal tissues. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed targeting hotspot regions of 50 oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
RESULTS
A series of 15 TCs were analyzed. After a median follow-up of 82.4 months, the median overall survival was 104.7 months. The immunoscore was >2 in 5/15 patients (33%). Among the investigated genes, absence of mutations was observed in 5/15 patients (33%), whereas three variants in 1/15 (6%) patient, two variants in 4/15 (26%) patients, and one variant in 5/15 patients (33%) were found. The most recurrently mutated genes were FGFR3 (five mutations) and CDKN2A (three mutations, two of which were nonsense). Patients with CDKN2A loss showed a statistically significantly worse survival (P = 0.0013), whereas patients with FGFR3 mutations showed a statistically significantly better survival (P = 0.048).
CONCLUSIONS
This study adds data to the few existing reports on the mutational landscape of TCs, providing the first comprehensive analysis to date. Here, we confirm the low rate of mutations in TCs and suggest FGFR3 and CDKN2A mutations as intriguing potential therapeutic targets.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33704917
doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.13765
pmc: PMC8088947
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1271-1278Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
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