Management of West Nile Encephalitis: An Uncommon Complication of West Nile Virus.
neuroinvasive west nile virus
Journal
Cureus
ISSN: 2168-8184
Titre abrégé: Cureus
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101596737
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 Feb 2021
06 Feb 2021
Historique:
entrez:
15
3
2021
pubmed:
16
3
2021
medline:
16
3
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
West Nile virus disease (WNVD) is a mosquito-borne disease that affects the meninges and central nervous system, causing West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis, a debilitating, life-threatening condition, especially in the elderly. While there is a lot of research discussing different aspects of the disease, the treatment is mainly unknown. We conducted a literature review to explore the wide variety of treatment options that consolidate the knowledge about the most recent management of WNV encephalitis. We did a combined advanced search and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) search on PubMed. Inclusion criteria included papers written in the English language and human subjects research for the past 25 years. We initially gather 110 papers, and after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, we end up with 30 articles for the paper's discussion. This review aims to provide clinicians with an overview of the latest approach in treating and managing hospitalized WNVD patients. It discusses case reports and the outcome of different treatment regimens done in vitro and in vivo. The study discusses all the advancements in treatment and prophylaxis and compares their effectiveness. However, more research is warranted to gain further insight to develop a single guideline for the management of this disease. This review discusses the following treatment modalities: ribavirin, interferon-alpha, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and other less-used drugs. More studies about ribavirin are needed to know if the drug is useful for WNV encephalitis. Interferon-alpha has been shown to have both protective and disease limiting properties. At the moment, there are no guidelines for the treatment of WNV encephalitis, nor is there a single Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug. For the time being, IVIG offers the best results in treating WNV encephalitis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33717727
doi: 10.7759/cureus.13183
pmc: PMC7939534
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
e13183Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021, Alli et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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