The impact of obesity on immune response to infection: Plausible mechanisms and outcomes.
bacterial infections
fungal infections
obesity
viral infections
Journal
Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
ISSN: 1467-789X
Titre abrégé: Obes Rev
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100897395
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2021
06 2021
Historique:
revised:
19
10
2020
received:
08
07
2020
accepted:
19
10
2020
pubmed:
16
3
2021
medline:
29
5
2021
entrez:
15
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Emerging data suggest an association between obesity and infectious diseases. Although the mechanisms underlying this link are not well established, a number of potential factors may be involved. Indeed, the obesity-related vulnerability to infectious diseases could be due to chronic low-grade inflammation, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia, which lead to a weakening of both the innate and adaptive immune responses. In addition, obesity results in anatomical-functional changes by the mechanical obstacle of excessive adipose tissue that blunt the respiratory mechanisms and predisposing to respiratory infections. Subjects with obesity are also at risk of skin folds and sweat more profusely due to the thick layers of subcutaneous fat, favoring the proliferation of microorganisms and slowing the repair of wounds down. All these factors make subjects with obesity more prone to develop nosocomial infections, surgical site, skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, urinary tract infections, and mycosis. Furthermore, infections in subjects with obesity have a worse prognosis, frequently prolonging hospitalization time as demonstrated for several flu viruses and recently for COVID-19. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the current clinical evidence on the associations between obesity and infectious diseases highlighting physio pathological insights involved in this link.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e13216Informations de copyright
© 2021 World Obesity Federation.
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