MRI data-driven algorithm for the diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia.

Structural brain imaging is paramount for the diagnosis of behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), but it has low sensitivity leading to erroneous or late diagnosis. A total of 515 subjects from two different bvFTD cohorts (training and independent validation cohorts) were used to perform voxel-wise morphometric analysis to identify regions with significant differences between bvFTD and controls. A random forest classifier was used to individually predict bvFTD from deformation-based morphometry differences in isolation and together with semantic fluency. Tenfold cross validation was used to assess the performance of the classifier within the training cohort. A second held-out cohort of genetically confirmed bvFTD cases was used for additional validation. Average 10-fold cross-validation accuracy was 89% (82% sensitivity, 93% specificity) using only MRI and 94% (89% sensitivity, 98% specificity) with the addition of semantic fluency. In the separate validation cohort of definite bvFTD, accuracy was 88% (81% sensitivity, 92% specificity) with MRI and 91% (79% sensitivity, 96% specificity) with added semantic fluency scores. Our results show that structural MRI and semantic fluency can accurately predict bvFTD at the individual subject level within a completely independent validation cohort coming from a different and independent database.

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Competing interests: Dr Collins receives funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP-111169), les Fonds de Research Santé Quebec Pfizer Innovation fund, and an NSERC CREATE grant (4140438-2012). We would like to acknowledge funding from the Famille Louise & André Charron. Dr Ducharme receives salary funding from the Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Santé. Dr Collins is co-founder of True Positive Medical Devices. Dr Ducharme is the co-founder of Arctic Fox AI.