Maternal glucose in pregnancy is associated with child's adiposity and leptin at 5 years of age.
DXA
adiposity
fetal programming
glucose
leptin
pregnancy
Journal
Pediatric obesity
ISSN: 2047-6310
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Obes
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101572033
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2021
09 2021
Historique:
revised:
31
01
2021
received:
09
10
2020
accepted:
23
02
2021
pubmed:
18
3
2021
medline:
15
12
2021
entrez:
17
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Exposure to maternal hyperglycaemia in pregnancy has been associated with childhood obesity. Leptin regulation might be involved in this 'adiposity programming' and may depend on timing of exposure. To investigate associations of maternal glycaemia at different periods in pregnancy with childhood adiposity and leptin levels at 5 years of age. In a prospective pre-birth cohort, we measured maternal glucose levels after a 50 g oral glucose challenge test at first trimester (9.8 ± 2.3 weeks) and during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test at second trimester (26.5 ± 0.9 weeks). We followed up children at 5 years; we measured anthropometry and body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We measured fasting leptin levels using immunoassays (Luminex) in 328 children. We conducted linear regression analyses, adjusting for potential confounders. Maternal glycaemia at first trimester was associated with childhood leptin levels at 5 years, independently of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and other confounders (β = .09 ± .04; P = .03). Higher post-load glucose levels at second trimester were associated with greater total body fat percentage measured by DXA (1 hour-glucose: β = .010 ± .004; P = .03 and 2 hours-glucose: β = .016 ± .005; P = .002), but not with leptin levels. Our results suggest that programming of leptin regulation may be sensitive to maternal hyperglycaemia specifically in early pregnancy.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Exposure to maternal hyperglycaemia in pregnancy has been associated with childhood obesity. Leptin regulation might be involved in this 'adiposity programming' and may depend on timing of exposure.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate associations of maternal glycaemia at different periods in pregnancy with childhood adiposity and leptin levels at 5 years of age.
METHODS
In a prospective pre-birth cohort, we measured maternal glucose levels after a 50 g oral glucose challenge test at first trimester (9.8 ± 2.3 weeks) and during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test at second trimester (26.5 ± 0.9 weeks). We followed up children at 5 years; we measured anthropometry and body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We measured fasting leptin levels using immunoassays (Luminex) in 328 children. We conducted linear regression analyses, adjusting for potential confounders.
RESULTS
Maternal glycaemia at first trimester was associated with childhood leptin levels at 5 years, independently of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and other confounders (β = .09 ± .04; P = .03). Higher post-load glucose levels at second trimester were associated with greater total body fat percentage measured by DXA (1 hour-glucose: β = .010 ± .004; P = .03 and 2 hours-glucose: β = .016 ± .005; P = .002), but not with leptin levels.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that programming of leptin regulation may be sensitive to maternal hyperglycaemia specifically in early pregnancy.
Substances chimiques
Blood Glucose
0
Leptin
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e12788Subventions
Organisme : CIHR
ID : MOP-115071
Pays : Canada
Organisme : CIHR
ID : PJT-152989
Pays : Canada
Informations de copyright
© 2021 World Obesity Federation.
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