Characterization of the Activity of Croton tiglium Oil in Hetter's Very Heavy Phenol-Croton Oil Chemical Peels.
Journal
Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]
ISSN: 1524-4725
Titre abrégé: Dermatol Surg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9504371
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 07 2021
01 07 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
19
3
2021
medline:
11
11
2021
entrez:
18
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Croton oil (CO) is used by dermatologists and plastic surgeons in deep chemical peels. It is mixed with phenol, water, and a soap in Baker-Gordon's or Hetter's formulas. There is controversy as to whether CO or phenol is the active agent in the dermal effect of deep chemical peels. To better clarify the role of CO in deep peels, by identification of active compounds in commercially available CO in the United States and biological effects in vivo. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry on CO and a domestic pig model experiment using 3 different formulas: G1: 5% Septisol (SEP), G2: 1.6% croton oil in 35% phenol with 5% SEP, and G3: 35% phenol with 5% SEP. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry indicated the presence of phorbol esters. G1 was null overall. Extent of the coagulative necrosis: G2 > G3. Vascular ectasia: G2 > G3. Inflammation pattern: intense neutrophilic inflammatory band in G2 versus mild, sparse, perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate in G3. Neocollagenesis: pronounced in G2, negligible in G3. Coagulative necrosis of the epidermis, superficial fibroblasts, and vasculature can be attributed to the action of phenol. Phorbol esters on CO could be responsible for the dense deep acute inflammation and the distinctive neocollagenesis.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Croton oil (CO) is used by dermatologists and plastic surgeons in deep chemical peels. It is mixed with phenol, water, and a soap in Baker-Gordon's or Hetter's formulas. There is controversy as to whether CO or phenol is the active agent in the dermal effect of deep chemical peels.
OBJECTIVE
To better clarify the role of CO in deep peels, by identification of active compounds in commercially available CO in the United States and biological effects in vivo.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry on CO and a domestic pig model experiment using 3 different formulas: G1: 5% Septisol (SEP), G2: 1.6% croton oil in 35% phenol with 5% SEP, and G3: 35% phenol with 5% SEP.
RESULTS
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry indicated the presence of phorbol esters. G1 was null overall. Extent of the coagulative necrosis: G2 > G3. Vascular ectasia: G2 > G3. Inflammation pattern: intense neutrophilic inflammatory band in G2 versus mild, sparse, perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate in G3. Neocollagenesis: pronounced in G2, negligible in G3.
CONCLUSION
Coagulative necrosis of the epidermis, superficial fibroblasts, and vasculature can be attributed to the action of phenol. Phorbol esters on CO could be responsible for the dense deep acute inflammation and the distinctive neocollagenesis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33731575
doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002990
pii: 00042728-202107000-00010
doi:
Substances chimiques
Dermatologic Agents
0
Phenols
0
Croton Oil
8001-28-3
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
944-946Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Références
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Hetter GP. An examination of the phenol-croton oil peel: Part I. Dissecting the formula. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000;105:227–39; discussion 249-51.
Wambier CG, Lee KC, Soon SL, Sterling JB, et al. Advanced chemical peels: phenol-croton oil peel. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019;81:327–36.
Zhang XL, Khan AA, Wang L, Yu K, et al. Four new phorbol diesters from Croton tiglium and their cytotoxic activities. Phytochem Lett 2016;16:82–6.
Justo AdaS, Lemes BM, Nunes B, Campagnoli EB, et al. Depth of injury of Hetter's phenol-croton oil chemical peel formula using 2 different emulsifying agents. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.064.
doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.064
Takei H, Araki A, Watanabe H, Ichinose A, et al. Rapid killing of human neutrophils by the potent activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) accompanied by changes different from typical apoptosis or necrosis. J Leukoc Biol 1996;59:229–40.
Yang H, Biermann MH, Brauner JM, Liu Y, et al. New insights into neutrophil extracellular traps: mechanisms of formation and role in inflammation. Front Immunol 2016;7:1–8.