Calcium-Alkali Syndrome: Historical Review, Pathophysiology and Post-Modern Update.
acid-base disorders
calcium alkali syndrome
calcium alkali thiazide syndrome
calcium metabolism
calcium therapy
dietary calcium intake
electrolyte disturbances
electrolyte imbalance
milk alkali syndrome
milk-alkali
Journal
Cureus
ISSN: 2168-8184
Titre abrégé: Cureus
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101596737
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 Feb 2021
11 Feb 2021
Historique:
entrez:
18
3
2021
pubmed:
19
3
2021
medline:
19
3
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Milk-alkali syndrome or calcium-alkali syndrome (CAS) is the triad of hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis and renal impairment. It is often related to ingestion of high amounts of calcium carbonate, which was used historically for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. The incidence of the syndrome decreased dramatically after the introduction of newer peptic ulcer medications such as proton pump inhibitors and histamine blocking agents. However, a resurgence was seen in the late 1980s with the wide use of over-the-counter calcium supplements, mainly by females for osteoporosis prophylaxis. The modern version of the syndrome continues to evolve along with medical management. This review focuses on the historical context of CAS, pathogenesis, resurgence of the condition with variable presentations, and contemporary management.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33732556
doi: 10.7759/cureus.13291
pmc: PMC7955894
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
e13291Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021, Zayed et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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