Tissue Engineering for the Insertions of Tendons and Ligaments: An Overview of Electrospun Biomaterials and Structures.
cell cultures
electrospinning
enthesis
in vivo tests
mechanical behavior
myotendinous junction
scaffolds
scaffolds biofabrication
Journal
Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
ISSN: 2296-4185
Titre abrégé: Front Bioeng Biotechnol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101632513
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
23
12
2020
accepted:
27
01
2021
entrez:
19
3
2021
pubmed:
20
3
2021
medline:
20
3
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The musculoskeletal system is composed by hard and soft tissue. These tissues are characterized by a wide range of mechanical properties that cause a progressive transition from one to the other. These material gradients are mandatory to reduce stress concentrations at the junction site. Nature has answered to this topic developing optimized interfaces, which enable a physiological transmission of load in a wide area over the junction. The interfaces connecting tendons and ligaments to bones are called entheses, while the ones between tendons and muscles are named myotendinous junctions. Several injuries can affect muscles, bones, tendons, or ligaments, and they often occur at the junction sites. For this reason, the main aim of the innovative field of the interfacial tissue engineering is to produce scaffolds with biomaterial gradients and mechanical properties to guide the cell growth and differentiation. Among the several strategies explored to mimic these tissues, the electrospinning technique is one of the most promising, allowing to generate polymeric nanofibers similar to the musculoskeletal extracellular matrix. Thanks to its extreme versatility, electrospinning has allowed the production of sophisticated scaffolds suitable for the regeneration of both the entheses and the myotendinous junctions. The aim of this review is to analyze the most relevant studies that applied electrospinning to produce scaffolds for the regeneration of the enthesis and the myotendinous junction, giving a comprehensive overview on the progress made in the field, in particular focusing on the electrospinning strategies to produce these scaffolds and their mechanical,
Identifiants
pubmed: 33738279
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.645544
pmc: PMC7961092
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
645544Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Sensini, Massafra, Gotti, Zucchelli and Cristofolini.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
AS, LC, and AZ hold an international patent on a related invention (“Hierarchical multiscale electrospun scaffold for the regeneration and/or replacement of the tendinous/ligamentous tissue and a method for its production” WO2018/229615 A1 of 20 December 2018). The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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