COVID-19 Pandemic: Review of Contemporary and Forthcoming Detection Tools.
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
amplification
cell-culture
detection-tools
diagnostic
gene-sequencing
immunoassay
microscopy
severe acute syndrome
Journal
Infection and drug resistance
ISSN: 1178-6973
Titre abrégé: Infect Drug Resist
Pays: New Zealand
ID NLM: 101550216
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
30
10
2020
accepted:
30
01
2021
entrez:
25
3
2021
pubmed:
26
3
2021
medline:
26
3
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Recent severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) known as COVID-19, presents a deadly challenge to the global healthcare system of developing and developed countries, exposing the limitations of health facilities preparedness for emerging infectious disease pandemic. Opportune detection, confinement, and early treatment of infected cases present the first step in combating COVID-19. In this review, we elaborate on various COVID-19 diagnostic tools that are available or under investigation. Consequently, cell culture, followed by an indirect fluorescent antibody, is one of the most accurate methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, restrictions imposed by the regulatory authorities prevented its general use and implementation. Diagnosis via radiologic imaging and reverse transcriptase PCR assay is frequently employed, considered as standard procedures, whereas isothermal amplification methods are currently on the verge of clinical introduction. Notably, techniques such as CRISPR-Cas and microfluidics have added new dimensions to the SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Furthermore, commonly used immunoassays such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), neutralization assay, and the chemiluminescent assay can also be used for early detection and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, advancement in the next generation sequencing (NGS) and metagenomic analysis are smoothing the viral detection further in this global challenge.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33762831
doi: 10.2147/IDR.S289629
pii: 289629
pmc: PMC7982560
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1049-1082Informations de copyright
© 2021 Oishee et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Mr Md. Ahsanul Haq reports a patent 10202006327W pending; Prof. Dr. Bijon Kumar Sil report a patent 10202006327W pending; Dr Mohd. Raeed Jamiruddin reports a patent 10202006327W pending to Intellectual Property Office of Singapore; Dr Nihad Adnan report a patent 10202006327W pending; The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work.
Références
Micromachines (Basel). 2017 Aug 30;8(9):
pubmed: 30400456
Nature. 2020 Mar;579(7798):270-273
pubmed: 32015507
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020 Jun 25;58(7):1070-1076
pubmed: 32172228
Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Jul;8(7):687-695
pubmed: 32386571
JAMA. 2020 Jun 16;323(23):2363
pubmed: 32543691
Science. 2020 Mar 13;367(6483):1260-1263
pubmed: 32075877
J Infect. 2020 Sep;81(3):435-442
pubmed: 32553841
Rev Med Virol. 2018 Jan;28(1):
pubmed: 29218769
N Engl J Med. 2003 May 15;348(20):1953-66
pubmed: 12690092
Exp Mol Med. 2020 Jun;52(6):963-977
pubmed: 32546849
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2020 Jul;47(7):1638-1639
pubmed: 32246209
Viruses. 2020 May 26;12(6):
pubmed: 32466458
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2020 May;47(5):1275-1280
pubmed: 32107577
Curr Protoc Microbiol. 2020 Sep;58(1):e108
pubmed: 32585083
Int J Infect Dis. 2020 May;94:49-52
pubmed: 32251798
J Virol Methods. 2010 Sep;168(1-2):251-4
pubmed: 20447419
Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp). 2020 Aug 17;:
pubmed: 32804668
Exp Neurobiol. 2020 Apr 30;29(2):107-119
pubmed: 32156101
J Clin Virol. 2020 Aug;129:104446
pubmed: 32512376
Sci Rep. 2017 May 2;7(1):1347
pubmed: 28465576
Nat Commun. 2021 Jan 4;12(1):6
pubmed: 33397903
Euro Surveill. 2020 Dec;25(50):
pubmed: 33334398
N Engl J Med. 2011 Apr 21;364(16):1523-32
pubmed: 21410387
Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;96:387-389
pubmed: 32417248
J Transl Med. 2020 Apr 6;18(1):154
pubmed: 32252784
Niger J Clin Pract. 2010 Sep;13(3):284-7
pubmed: 20857786
Antivir Ther. 2004 Apr;9(2):287-9
pubmed: 15134191
Radiol Med. 2020 Aug;125(8):730-737
pubmed: 32519256
Eur Radiol. 2020 Sep;30(9):4874-4882
pubmed: 32296940
Mol Cell. 2015 May 21;58(4):586-97
pubmed: 26000844
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2018 Jan;410(3):679-693
pubmed: 28932883
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 2;15(11):e0237828
pubmed: 33137138
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020 Aug;31(8):1683-1687
pubmed: 32371536
EMBO Rep. 2004 Aug;5(8):795-800
pubmed: 15247927
Mol Cell Probes. 2020 Oct;53:101636
pubmed: 32634550
Nat Commun. 2020 Sep 18;11(1):4711
pubmed: 32948757
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020 Sep-Oct;37:101673
pubmed: 32311437
Sci Transl Med. 2020 Aug 12;12(556):
pubmed: 32719001
Nature. 2020 Dec 18;:
pubmed: 33340017
Euro Surveill. 2020 Jan;25(3):
pubmed: 31992387
J Clin Microbiol. 2020 Dec 9;:
pubmed: 33298613
N Engl J Med. 2020 Feb 20;382(8):727-733
pubmed: 31978945
Lancet. 2020 May 2;395(10234):1420-1421
pubmed: 32325027
Clin Chem. 2020 Aug 1;66(8):1047-1054
pubmed: 32384153
J Invest Dermatol. 2013 Sep;133(9):e12
pubmed: 23949770
Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E72-E78
pubmed: 32216717
Biosens Bioelectron. 2015 Nov 15;73:47-63
pubmed: 26043315
ACS Omega. 2020 May 18;5(21):12550-12556
pubmed: 32542208
Nat Med. 2020 Jul;26(7):1033-1036
pubmed: 32398876
Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Jul 28;71(15):850-852
pubmed: 32232429
Talanta. 2021 Mar 1;224:121726
pubmed: 33379001
Biosens Bioelectron. 2015 Oct 15;72:121-6
pubmed: 25974174
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020 Jun 25;58(7):1156-1159
pubmed: 32301750
BMJ. 2020 Dec 11;371:m4799
pubmed: 33310748
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 2;16(2):e0246346
pubmed: 33529223
Clin Chim Acta. 2020 Jun;505:172-175
pubmed: 32156607
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):469-473
pubmed: 32102625
Nat Commun. 2020 Nov 20;11(1):5920
pubmed: 33219228
J Med Virol. 2020 Nov;92(11):2306-2307
pubmed: 32369202
J Clin Virol. 2020 Aug;129:104468
pubmed: 32485620
J Clin Virol. 2020 Aug;129:104538
pubmed: 32650276
Biosens Bioelectron. 2020 Jul 1;159:112143
pubmed: 32364943
Nat Biotechnol. 2020 Jul;38(7):870-874
pubmed: 32300245
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 08;21(7):
pubmed: 32276333
Lancet. 2020 Mar 21;395(10228):949-950
pubmed: 32151324
Eur Radiol. 2020 Oct;30(10):5720-5727
pubmed: 32415585
Intern Emerg Med. 2020 Oct 22;:
pubmed: 33090353
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020 Dec;39(12):2271-2277
pubmed: 32681308
J Clin Microbiol. 2020 Jul 23;58(8):
pubmed: 32381641
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(24):9717-21
pubmed: 2481313
Anal Chem. 2017 Jan 3;89(1):102-123
pubmed: 27958710
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Aug;223(2):275-278
pubmed: 32405074
Biochip J. 2016;10(4):262-271
pubmed: 32226587
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2020 May;20(5):453-454
pubmed: 32297805
Histochem Cell Biol. 2006 Aug;126(2):159-64
pubmed: 16807721
Front Mol Biosci. 2020 Jul 03;7:157
pubmed: 32719810
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020 Jun 16;10:331
pubmed: 32626666
Nat Med. 2020 Jun;26(6):845-848
pubmed: 32350462
PLoS One. 2020 Jun 15;15(6):e0234236
pubmed: 32542024
Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Apr;20(4):411-412
pubmed: 32105638
Clin Chem. 2020 Jul 1;66(7):975-977
pubmed: 32315390
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):787-793
pubmed: 32241244
Int Immunopharmacol. 2020 Nov;88:106861
pubmed: 32771946
Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Jul 28;71(15):778-785
pubmed: 32198501
Sensors (Basel). 2020 May 31;20(11):
pubmed: 32486477
Curr Microbiol. 2008 Jan;56(1):80-3
pubmed: 17909885
Cell Mol Immunol. 2020 Jul;17(7):773-775
pubmed: 32467617
BMC Infect Dis. 2020 Oct 20;20(1):783
pubmed: 33081710
Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Jun;20(6):656-657
pubmed: 32199493
Sci Transl Med. 2021 Jan 20;13(577):
pubmed: 33288662
Transfusion. 2020 Dec;60(12):2952-2961
pubmed: 32798248
J Med Virol. 2020 Jul;92(7):903-908
pubmed: 32219885
Curr Protoc Microbiol. 2020 Jun;57(1):e100
pubmed: 32302069
Biosens Bioelectron. 2020 Sep 1;163:112291
pubmed: 32421630
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):998-1007
pubmed: 32306853
J Clin Med. 2021 Jan 17;10(2):
pubmed: 33477365
ACS Nano. 2020 Apr 28;14(4):5135-5142
pubmed: 32293168
Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2020 May;10(5):1058-1079
pubmed: 32489929
J Med Virol. 2020 Oct;92(10):1724-1727
pubmed: 32227490
Biosens Bioelectron. 2018 Oct 15;117:112-128
pubmed: 29890393
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2002 Oct;13(5):437-42
pubmed: 12459334
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008 Jul;15(7):1054-9
pubmed: 18463223
J Funct Biomater. 2020 Jun 17;11(2):
pubmed: 32560382
Indian J Med Res. 2020 Feb & Mar;151(2 & 3):241-243
pubmed: 32362648
J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Nov;43(11):5560-6
pubmed: 16272487
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020 Jun;214(6):1280-1286
pubmed: 32130038
Virol J. 2005 Nov 09;2:84
pubmed: 16281972
Nature. 2020 May;581(7807):221-224
pubmed: 32225175
Anal Chim Acta. 2013 Apr 3;770:169-74
pubmed: 23498700
Environ Int. 2020 Jun;139:105730
pubmed: 32294574
Anal Chem. 2020 Jul 21;92(14):9895-9900
pubmed: 32551560
ACS Cent Sci. 2020 Dec 23;6(12):2238-2249
pubmed: 33372199
Eur Radiol. 2020 Aug;30(8):4381-4389
pubmed: 32193638
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Jun;74(12):3912-4
pubmed: 18456857
J Infect Dis. 2020 Jun 29;222(2):189-193
pubmed: 32382737
J Clin Microbiol. 2021 Jan 21;:
pubmed: 33478979
J Clin Microbiol. 2005 May;43(5):2339-44
pubmed: 15872263
Clin Chem. 2020 Jul 1;66(7):966-972
pubmed: 32379863
Biotechniques. 2005 Jul;39(1):75-85
pubmed: 16060372
Science. 1994 Sep 30;265(5181):2085-8
pubmed: 7522346
Langmuir. 2015 Jun 16;31(23):6267-76
pubmed: 25402969
Anal Biochem. 2012 Oct 1;429(1):11-7
pubmed: 22759775
J Appl Lab Med. 2020 Sep 1;5(5):908-920
pubmed: 32428207
Front Med (Lausanne). 2020 May 08;7:225
pubmed: 32574326
J Med Virol. 2021 Mar;93(3):1506-1511
pubmed: 32841429
J Clin Microbiol. 2020 Jul 23;58(8):
pubmed: 32461285
Eur Respir J. 2020 Aug 27;56(2):
pubmed: 32430429
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2018 Apr 21;11(2):
pubmed: 29690513
J Med Virol. 2021 Apr;93(4):2281-2286
pubmed: 33230819
Przegl Epidemiol. 2020;74(1):49-68
pubmed: 32500987
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):940-948
pubmed: 32357808
Euro Surveill. 2020 Mar;25(11):
pubmed: 32209163
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):32-41
pubmed: 31859609
Biosens Bioelectron. 2020 Oct 15;166:112437
pubmed: 32692666
EBioMedicine. 2020 Sep;59:102903
pubmed: 32718896
PLoS One. 2020 Jun 12;15(6):e0234682
pubmed: 32530929
Emerg Infect Dis. 2020 Jun;26(6):1266-1273
pubmed: 32160149
Int J Food Microbiol. 2007 Jun 10;117(1):85-90
pubmed: 17395329
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020 Jun 25;58(7):1081-1088
pubmed: 32301749
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2002 Apr 23;210(1):143-7
pubmed: 12023091
J Clin Virol. 2020 Jul;128:104442
pubmed: 32540034
Antiviral Res. 2020 May;177:104759
pubmed: 32130973
J Med Virol. 2020 Sep;92(9):1518-1524
pubmed: 32104917
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Nov 23;289(1):150-4
pubmed: 11708792
Emerg Infect Dis. 2020 Aug;26(8):
pubmed: 32396505
Front Microbiol. 2019 Jul 03;10:1462
pubmed: 31333603
Biotechniques. 2008 Apr;44(5):619-26
pubmed: 18474036
J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Feb;43(2):962-5
pubmed: 15695719
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020 Jun;26(6):773-779
pubmed: 32276116
Biosens Bioelectron. 2017 May 15;91:417-423
pubmed: 28063390
BMJ. 2021 Jan 11;372:n74
pubmed: 33431500
J Virol Methods. 2018 Aug;258:41-48
pubmed: 29763640
J Infect. 2020 Sep;81(3):357-371
pubmed: 32615199
Ann Intern Med. 2020 Aug 18;173(4):262-267
pubmed: 32422057
J Med Virol. 2020 Oct;92(10):2096-2104
pubmed: 32383254
Indian J Med Res. 2020 Jul & Aug;152(1 & 2):77-81
pubmed: 32820725
J Infect. 2020 Jul;81(1):e45-e50
pubmed: 32298676
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):680-686
pubmed: 32207377
Korean J Radiol. 2020 Apr;21(4):505-508
pubmed: 32174053
Biosens Bioelectron. 2021 Jan 15;172:112752
pubmed: 33126180
J Clin Microbiol. 2020 May 26;58(6):
pubmed: 32229605
Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 May;20(5):565-574
pubmed: 32213337
J Virol Methods. 2020 Dec;286:113991
pubmed: 33045283
J Med Virol. 2020 Sep;92(9):1676-1680
pubmed: 32330305
J Infect. 2020 Sep;81(3):e31-e32
pubmed: 32622905
Clin Imaging. 2020 Aug;64:35-42
pubmed: 32302927
Emerg Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;26(7):1478-1488
pubmed: 32267220
Front Microbiol. 2020 Sep 25;11:571328
pubmed: 33101244
Lancet. 1999 Oct 9;354(9186):1257-9
pubmed: 10520635
Nat Commun. 2020 Mar 27;11(1):1620
pubmed: 32221306
CMAJ. 2021 Jan 18;193(3):E108-E109
pubmed: 33462152
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Jun;102(6):1189-1190
pubmed: 32329432
Anal Chem. 2020 Apr 7;92(7):5411-5418
pubmed: 32207293
Eur Radiol. 2020 Nov;30(11):6161-6169
pubmed: 32474630
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020 Jul 28;58(8):1357-1364
pubmed: 32447328
Science. 2017 Apr 28;356(6336):438-442
pubmed: 28408723
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020 Aug 26;7(10):ofaa379
pubmed: 33072810
N Engl J Med. 2004 Jan 22;350(4):342-50
pubmed: 14736926
Front Immunol. 2020 Oct 09;11:573526
pubmed: 33162987
Front Med (Lausanne). 2020 Aug 13;7:521
pubmed: 32903503
SN Compr Clin Med. 2020 Jul 23;:1-5
pubmed: 32838175
J Clin Virol. 2020 Dec;133:104682
pubmed: 33152666
Anal Chim Acta. 2019 Oct 24;1077:208-215
pubmed: 31307711
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):924-927
pubmed: 32286155
Gene Ther. 2013 Aug;20(8):807-15
pubmed: 23364315
J Clin Microbiol. 2020 Aug 24;58(9):
pubmed: 32580948
Biosens Bioelectron. 2020 Oct 1;165:112454
pubmed: 32729549
Bone Marrow Transplant. 1998 Oct;22(7):693-8
pubmed: 9818699
Virol Sin. 2020 Jun;35(3):351-354
pubmed: 32451881
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 24;21(8):
pubmed: 32344568
Biosens Bioelectron. 2020 Oct 1;165:112356
pubmed: 32510339
Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Sep;129:110446
pubmed: 32768943
Nature. 2020 Sep;585(7824):268-272
pubmed: 32396922
Biotechniques. 2015 Feb 01;58(2):59-68
pubmed: 25652028
Ann Clin Biochem. 2020 Nov;57(6):429-434
pubmed: 32961061
BMJ. 2021 Jan 22;372:n217
pubmed: 33483332
Eur Radiol. 2020 Jun;30(6):3306-3309
pubmed: 32055945
Can J Microbiol. 2009 Dec;55(12):1375-80
pubmed: 20029529
BMC Infect Dis. 2013 Aug 21;13:387
pubmed: 23964963
JAMA. 2020 May 12;323(18):1843-1844
pubmed: 32159775
J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012;2012:151967
pubmed: 22654479
Clin Chim Acta. 2020 Oct;509:79-82
pubmed: 32526218
J Clin Virol. 2020 Aug;129:104501
pubmed: 32619959
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2020 Dec;38(10):511-512
pubmed: 32605841
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):386-389
pubmed: 32065057
J Clin Microbiol. 2020 May 26;58(6):
pubmed: 32277022
Cell. 2020 Apr 16;181(2):271-280.e8
pubmed: 32142651
Cell Discov. 2020 May 28;6:37
pubmed: 32528725
Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;20(7):809-815
pubmed: 32330439
Biophys Chem. 2021 Mar;270:106538
pubmed: 33418105
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 18;21(8):
pubmed: 32325642
J Pharm Anal. 2020 Apr;10(2):97-101
pubmed: 32292623
Science. 2018 Apr 27;360(6387):444-448
pubmed: 29700266
Intern Emerg Med. 2021 Mar;16(2):471-476
pubmed: 33011929
Clin Chem. 2020 Apr 1;66(4):549-555
pubmed: 32031583
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021 Mar;99(3):115260
pubmed: 33340934
J Clin Microbiol. 2020 Jul 23;58(8):
pubmed: 32341142
Nat Biomed Eng. 2020 Dec;4(12):1168-1179
pubmed: 32948855
J Mol Diagn. 2020 Jun;22(6):729-735
pubmed: 32276051
J Med Virol. 2005 Dec;77(4):602-8
pubmed: 16254971
BMJ. 2020 Dec 2;371:m4714
pubmed: 33268330
Med Hypotheses. 2020 Aug;141:109786
pubmed: 32361529
Lancet Microbe. 2020 May;1(1):e14-e23
pubmed: 32835326
Diagnostics (Basel). 2020 Jun 11;10(6):
pubmed: 32545412