Mediterranean diet consumption affects the endocannabinoid system in overweight and obese subjects: possible links with gut microbiome, insulin resistance and inflammation.
Akkermansia muciniphila
Cardiovascular disease risk
Gut barrier
Gut microbiome
Obesity
Journal
European journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1436-6215
Titre abrégé: Eur J Nutr
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 100888704
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Oct 2021
Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
20
12
2020
accepted:
08
03
2021
pubmed:
26
3
2021
medline:
16
9
2021
entrez:
25
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
To investigate whether a Mediterranean diet (MD) affected the plasma concentrations of endocannabinoids (ECs), N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) and their specific ratios in subjects with lifestyle risk factors for metabolic diseases. To identify the relationship between circulating levels of these compounds and gut microbiome, insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. A parallel 8-week randomised controlled trial was performed involving 82 overweight and obese subjects aged (mean ± SEM) 43 ± 1.4 years with a BMI of 31.1 ± 0.5 kg/m The MD intervention lowered plasma arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA, p = 0.02), increased plasma oleoylethanolamide/palmitoylethanolamide (OEA/PEA, p = 0.009) and OEA/AEA (p = 0.006) and increased faecal Akkermansia muciniphila (p = 0.026) independent of body weight changes. OEA/PEA positively correlated with abundance of key microbial players in diet-gut-health interplay and MD adherence. Following an MD, individuals with low-plasma OEA/PEA at baseline decreased homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (p = 0.01), while individuals with high-plasma OEA/PEA decreased serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein (p = 0.02). We demonstrated that a switch from a CT to an isocaloric MD affects the endocannabinoid system and increases A. muciniphila abundance in the gut independently of body weight changes. Endocannabinoid tone and microbiome functionality at baseline drives an individualised response to an MD in ameliorating insulin sensitivity and inflammation. Clinical Trial Registry number and website NCT03071718; www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33763720
doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02538-8
pii: 10.1007/s00394-021-02538-8
pmc: PMC8437855
doi:
Substances chimiques
Endocannabinoids
0
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT03071718']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
3703-3716Subventions
Organisme : Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
ID : prot.0000426
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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