Mechanisms of Action of Hypomethylating Agents: Endogenous Retroelements at the Epicenter.
5-azacytidine
acute myeloid leukemia
decitabine
endogenous retroelements
hypomethylating agents
myelodysplastic syndromes
Journal
Frontiers in oncology
ISSN: 2234-943X
Titre abrégé: Front Oncol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101568867
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
07
01
2021
accepted:
04
02
2021
entrez:
26
3
2021
pubmed:
27
3
2021
medline:
27
3
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Abnormal DNA methylation patterns are thought to drive the pathobiology of high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (HR-MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Sixteen years after their initial approval, the hypomethylating agents (HMAs), 5-azacytidine (AZA) and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, remain the mainstay of treatment for HR-MDS and AML. However, a connection of the hypomethylating or additional effects of HMAs with clinical responses remains yet to be shown, and the mode of action of HMAs remains obscure. Given the relatively short-lived responses and the inevitable development of resistance in HMAs, a thorough understanding of the antineoplastic mechanisms employed by HMAs holds critical importance. Recent data in cancer cell lines demonstrate that reactivation of endogenous retroelements (EREs) and induction of a cell-intrinsic antiviral response triggered by RNA neotranscripts may underlie the antitumor activity of HMAs. However, data on primary CD34
Identifiants
pubmed: 33768008
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650473
pmc: PMC7985079
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
650473Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Kordella, Lamprianidou and Kotsianidis.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
IK have received research funding from Celgene Corporation and received honoraria from Genesis Pharma Hellas. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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