Sensitization against Fungi in Patients with Airway Allergies over 20 Years in Germany.
Alternaria
Aspergillus
Cladosporium
Fungi
Molds
Penicillium
Journal
International archives of allergy and immunology
ISSN: 1423-0097
Titre abrégé: Int Arch Allergy Immunol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 9211652
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
27
07
2020
accepted:
04
10
2020
pubmed:
30
3
2021
medline:
18
9
2021
entrez:
29
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Fungal spores are ubiquitous allergens. Severe forms of asthma are particularly highly associated with fungal sensitization. National and international asthma guidelines recommend the implementation of allergen immunotherapy if indicated. Thus, detection and treatment of relevant allergies are key components of primary care of these patients. The aims of the study were (i) to investigate trends in the prevalence of sensitization to twelve fungi in central Germany over the last 20 years and (ii) to dissect specific sensitization patterns among the 3 most important fungi: Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Cladosporium. This single-center study evaluated skin prick test (SPT) results of 3,358 patients with suspected airway allergies over a period of 20 years (1998-2017). While 19.2% of all study patients had positive test results to at least 1 of the 3 fungi (Alternaria, Aspergillus, or Cladosporium) in the first study decade, this rate increased to 22.5% in the second decade. Slight increases in sensitization rates to almost all fungi were observed over the 20-year period. In the last decade, polysensitization to Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium increased significantly. Sensitization to fungi is age-dependent and peaks in the age-group of 21-40 years during the second decade. Fungi are relevant allergens for perennial and seasonal allergy symptoms. We currently recommend including Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Cladosporium in the standard series of SPTs for airway allergies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Fungal spores are ubiquitous allergens. Severe forms of asthma are particularly highly associated with fungal sensitization. National and international asthma guidelines recommend the implementation of allergen immunotherapy if indicated. Thus, detection and treatment of relevant allergies are key components of primary care of these patients.
OBJECTIVES
The aims of the study were (i) to investigate trends in the prevalence of sensitization to twelve fungi in central Germany over the last 20 years and (ii) to dissect specific sensitization patterns among the 3 most important fungi: Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Cladosporium.
METHODS
This single-center study evaluated skin prick test (SPT) results of 3,358 patients with suspected airway allergies over a period of 20 years (1998-2017).
RESULTS
While 19.2% of all study patients had positive test results to at least 1 of the 3 fungi (Alternaria, Aspergillus, or Cladosporium) in the first study decade, this rate increased to 22.5% in the second decade. Slight increases in sensitization rates to almost all fungi were observed over the 20-year period. In the last decade, polysensitization to Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium increased significantly. Sensitization to fungi is age-dependent and peaks in the age-group of 21-40 years during the second decade.
CONCLUSION
Fungi are relevant allergens for perennial and seasonal allergy symptoms. We currently recommend including Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Cladosporium in the standard series of SPTs for airway allergies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33780961
pii: 000512230
doi: 10.1159/000512230
pmc: PMC8220924
doi:
Substances chimiques
Allergens
0
Antigens, Fungal
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
515-523Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.
Références
Clin Transl Allergy. 2013 Feb 01;3(1):3
pubmed: 23369181
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Apr;139(4):1140-1147.e4
pubmed: 27523960
PLoS One. 2014 Jul 17;9(7):e101717
pubmed: 25032825
Allergo J Int. 2017;26(5):168-193
pubmed: 28804700
Pneumologie. 2011 Aug;65(8):484-95
pubmed: 21830178
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1153:79-89
pubmed: 30783996
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Sep;120(3):610-7
pubmed: 17624415
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2017 Apr;118(4):399-405
pubmed: 28390581
Allergy. 2017 Feb;72(2):207-220
pubmed: 27775836
Clin Exp Allergy. 2013 Nov;43(11):1286-96
pubmed: 24152161
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2021 Jan;19(1):37-44
pubmed: 33103355
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2019 Dec;57(3):439-448
pubmed: 31321665
Clin Exp Allergy. 2003 Oct;33(10):1429-38
pubmed: 14519151
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019 Jul;144(1):216-223.e3
pubmed: 30879998
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2015 May;7(3):205-20
pubmed: 25840710
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2013 May;56(5-6):687-97
pubmed: 23703487
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Jul;130(1):241-7.e9
pubmed: 22664167
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2020;181(2):128-135
pubmed: 31805564
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016 May-Jun;4(3):375-385.e1
pubmed: 26725152
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Jun;125(6):1379-1386.e1
pubmed: 20466417
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2013;162(3):263-70
pubmed: 24022179
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1985 Dec;76(6):819-25
pubmed: 4067131
Clin Exp Allergy. 1997 Jan;27(1):52-9
pubmed: 9117881
Allergy. 2012 Jan;67(1):18-24
pubmed: 22050279
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1988 Sep;82(3 Pt 2):487-526
pubmed: 3049745
J Clin Immunol. 2006 Jul;26(4):360-9
pubmed: 16779678
Clin Exp Allergy. 2016 Jul;46(7):981-91
pubmed: 27027397
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005 Aug;116(2):377-83
pubmed: 16083793
Allergy. 2020 Mar;75(3):660-668
pubmed: 31512253
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1996 Dec;111(4):385-95
pubmed: 8957113
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2018;177(3):219-237
pubmed: 30056449
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2016;26(6):344-354
pubmed: 27996940
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2003 Sep;91(3):280-7
pubmed: 14533661
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2018 Nov - Dec;46(6):557-564
pubmed: 29739683
Allergy. 1994 Jul;49(6):397-9
pubmed: 8074260