Biophysical analysis of the plant-specific GIPC sphingolipids reveals multiple modes of membrane regulation.
GIPC
Langmuir monolayer
cryo-EM
modeling
neutron reflectivity
phytosterol
plasma membrane
solid-state NMR
sphingolipids
ζ-potential
Journal
The Journal of biological chemistry
ISSN: 1083-351X
Titre abrégé: J Biol Chem
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 2985121R
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Historique:
received:
25
11
2020
revised:
03
03
2021
accepted:
26
03
2021
pubmed:
1
4
2021
medline:
21
8
2021
entrez:
31
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The plant plasma membrane (PM) is an essential barrier between the cell and the external environment, controlling signal perception and transmission. It consists of an asymmetrical lipid bilayer made up of three different lipid classes: sphingolipids, sterols, and phospholipids. The glycosyl inositol phosphoryl ceramides (GIPCs), representing up to 40% of total sphingolipids, are assumed to be almost exclusively in the outer leaflet of the PM. However, their biological role and properties are poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the role of GIPCs in membrane organization. Because GIPCs are not commercially available, we developed a protocol to extract and isolate GIPC-enriched fractions from eudicots (cauliflower and tobacco) and monocots (leek and rice). Lipidomic analysis confirmed the presence of trihydroxylated long chain bases and 2-hydroxylated very long-chain fatty acids up to 26 carbon atoms. The glycan head groups of the GIPCs from monocots and dicots were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry, revealing different sugar moieties. Multiple biophysics tools, namely Langmuir monolayer, ζ-Potential, light scattering, neutron reflectivity, solid state 2H-NMR, and molecular modeling, were used to investigate the physical properties of the GIPCs, as well as their interaction with free and conjugated phytosterols. We showed that GIPCs increase the thickness and electronegativity of model membranes, interact differentially with the different phytosterols species, and regulate the gel-to-fluid phase transition during temperature variations. These results unveil the multiple roles played by GIPCs in the plant PM.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33785359
pii: S0021-9258(21)00382-3
doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100602
pmc: PMC8099651
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Polysaccharides
0
Sphingolipids
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
100602Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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