CRISPR-Cas systems for diagnosing infectious diseases.
COVID-19
HBV
HIV
HPV
Mobile phone microscopy
Molecular diagnostics
Molecular epidemiology
One pot assays
Point-of-care (POC)
SARS-CoV-2
Tuberculosis
Viruses
Journal
Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
ISSN: 1095-9130
Titre abrégé: Methods
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9426302
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2022
07 2022
Historique:
received:
08
09
2020
revised:
15
03
2021
accepted:
06
04
2021
pubmed:
12
4
2021
medline:
22
6
2022
entrez:
11
4
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Infectious diseases are a global health problem affecting billions of people. Developing rapid and sensitive diagnostic tools is key for successful patient management and curbing disease spread. Currently available diagnostics are very specific and sensitive but time-consuming and require expensive laboratory settings and well-trained personnel; thus, they are not available in resource-limited areas, for the purposes of large-scale screenings and in case of outbreaks and epidemics. Developing new, rapid, and affordable point-of-care diagnostic assays is urgently needed. This review focuses on CRISPR-based technologies and their perspectives to become platforms for point-of-care nucleic acid detection methods and as deployable diagnostic platforms that could help to identify and curb outbreaks and emerging epidemics. We describe the mechanisms and function of different classes and types of CRISPR-Cas systems, including pros and cons for developing molecular diagnostic tests and applications of each type to detect a wide range of infectious agents. Many Cas proteins (Cas3, Cas9, Cas12, Cas13, Cas14 etc.) have been leveraged to create highly accurate and sensitive diagnostic tools combined with technologies of signal amplification and fluorescent, potentiometric, colorimetric, lateral flow assay detection and other. In particular, the most advanced platforms -- SHERLOCK/v2, DETECTR, CARMEN or CRISPR-Chip -- enable detection of attomolar amounts of pathogenic nucleic acids with specificity comparable to that of PCR but with minimal technical settings. Further developing CRISPR-based diagnostic tools promises to dramatically transform molecular diagnostics, making them easily affordable and accessible virtually anywhere in the world. The burden of socially significant diseases, frequent outbreaks, recent epidemics (MERS, SARS and the ongoing COVID-19) and outbreaks of zoonotic viruses (African Swine Fever Virus etc.) urgently need the developing and distribution of express-diagnostic tools. Recently devised CRISPR-technologies represent the unprecedented opportunity to reshape epidemiological surveillance and molecular diagnostics.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33839288
pii: S1046-2023(21)00099-2
doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.04.007
pmc: PMC8032595
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
431-446Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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