Mental Health App Evaluation: Updating the American Psychiatric Association's Framework Through a Stakeholder-Engaged Workshop.


Journal

Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)
ISSN: 1557-9700
Titre abrégé: Psychiatr Serv
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9502838

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 09 2021
Historique:
pubmed: 23 4 2021
medline: 16 10 2021
entrez: 22 4 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The app evaluation framework of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has emerged as an adaptable tool for those seeking to navigate the ever-growing space of mental health apps. The authors describe a meeting convened in December 2019 to refine the APA framework. The expert panel comprised 16 individuals across health care fields, with representation from psychiatry, psychology, social work, nursing, clinical informatics, peer support specialists, and individuals with lived mental health experience. This meeting resulted in an update to the APA framework with the addition of clearer question descriptions and the release of an eight-question screener that may be useful in clinical settings.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33882716
doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.202000663
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1095-1098

Subventions

Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K01 MH117496
Pays : United States
Organisme : NLM NIH HHS
ID : T15 LM007092
Pays : United States

Auteurs

Sarah Lagan (S)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Margaret R Emerson (MR)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Darlene King (D)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Sonia Matwin (S)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Steven R Chan (SR)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Stephon Proctor (S)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Julia Tartaglia (J)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Karen L Fortuna (KL)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Patrick Aquino (P)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Robert Walker (R)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Michelle Dirst (M)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Nicole Benson (N)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Keris Jan Myrick (KJ)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Nathan Tatro (N)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

David Gratzer (D)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

John Torous (J)

Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Lagan, Torous); College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Emerson); Department of Psychiatry, Utah Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (King); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Matwin); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, and Department of Psychiatry, Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (Chan); Behavioral Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (Proctor); Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New York City (Tartaglia); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire (Fortuna); Department of Psychiatry, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Boston (Aquino); Department of Mental Health, Office of Recovery and Empowerment, Boston (Walker); Department of Practice Management and Delivery Systems Policy (Dirst) and Department of Digital Health (Tatro), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C.; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts (Benson); Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, Los Angeles (Myrick); Scarborough Hospital Toronto, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto (Gratzer). Dror Ben-Zeev, Ph.D., is editor of this column.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH