Increased Incidence of Stress-related Tic Habit Cough in Children During the Recent Greek Financial Crisis.
Tic habit cough
cognitive behavioural therapy
cough reflex
lifestyle
stress
Journal
In vivo (Athens, Greece)
ISSN: 1791-7549
Titre abrégé: In Vivo
Pays: Greece
ID NLM: 8806809
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Historique:
received:
12
02
2021
revised:
25
02
2021
accepted:
26
02
2021
entrez:
29
4
2021
pubmed:
30
4
2021
medline:
22
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Tic habit cough (THC) is not easily recognized and requires a high index of suspicion. Since there is evidence for stress-related etiology, the study presents our experience during the eight-year period of the recent Greek financial crisis. This is a descriptive prospective cross-sectional clinical study using a consistent approach to diagnosis, possible triggers and treatment options. Fifty-one children (26 girls, age 9.5±3.1y) from a total of 3,793 new referrals for chronic cough fulfilled the criteria of THC (1.34%). Incidence rates per 1,000 person-years were 1.34 (95%CI=0.34-5.40), 3.91 (95%CI=1.86-8.19), 4.03 (95%CI=2.01-8.06) and 14.60 (95%CI=10.43-20.44) for every two years. Poisson analysis showed an increased trend during the four time periods with an incidence rate ratio equal to 2.21 (95%CI=1.58-3.09, p<0.001). THC was mainly attributed to learning difficulties, as well as stress-related impact of peer or family bullying, family financial problems and child anxiety disorders. The incidence of THC is associated with the negative aspects of stressors during a period of financial crisis. The potential underlining psycho-physiological mechanisms are discussed as well as the fact that prompt diagnosis may result in successful interventions.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND/AIM
OBJECTIVE
Tic habit cough (THC) is not easily recognized and requires a high index of suspicion. Since there is evidence for stress-related etiology, the study presents our experience during the eight-year period of the recent Greek financial crisis.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
METHODS
This is a descriptive prospective cross-sectional clinical study using a consistent approach to diagnosis, possible triggers and treatment options.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Fifty-one children (26 girls, age 9.5±3.1y) from a total of 3,793 new referrals for chronic cough fulfilled the criteria of THC (1.34%). Incidence rates per 1,000 person-years were 1.34 (95%CI=0.34-5.40), 3.91 (95%CI=1.86-8.19), 4.03 (95%CI=2.01-8.06) and 14.60 (95%CI=10.43-20.44) for every two years. Poisson analysis showed an increased trend during the four time periods with an incidence rate ratio equal to 2.21 (95%CI=1.58-3.09, p<0.001). THC was mainly attributed to learning difficulties, as well as stress-related impact of peer or family bullying, family financial problems and child anxiety disorders.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of THC is associated with the negative aspects of stressors during a period of financial crisis. The potential underlining psycho-physiological mechanisms are discussed as well as the fact that prompt diagnosis may result in successful interventions.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33910867
pii: 35/3/1811
doi: 10.21873/invivo.12442
pmc: PMC8193329
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1811-1820Informations de copyright
Copyright© 2021, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.
Références
Front Public Health. 2019 Apr 09;7:75
pubmed: 31024876
J Anxiety Disord. 2017 Jun;49:76-87
pubmed: 28460329
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2003 May;45(5):315-9
pubmed: 12729145
J Pediatr Health Care. 2018 Nov - Dec;32(6):564-583
pubmed: 30369409
Child Abuse Negl. 2009 Jan;33(1):1-11
pubmed: 19167070
J Neurosci. 2007 Jan 24;27(4):832-9
pubmed: 17251423
N Engl J Med. 1995 May 18;332(20):1351-62
pubmed: 7715646
Ann Allergy. 1991 Dec;67(6):579-82
pubmed: 1750719
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2008 Apr-Jun;20(2):121-32
pubmed: 18714551
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009 Jul;5(7):374-81
pubmed: 19488073
Annu Rev Neurosci. 2001;24:897-931
pubmed: 11520922
S Afr Med J. 1980 Feb 9;57(6):198-200
pubmed: 7361211
Ann Allergy. 1966 Jan;24(1):43-6
pubmed: 5902120
Lung. 2012 Feb;190(1):45-53
pubmed: 21842256
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Dec 15;170(12):1276-80
pubmed: 15447941
Neuron. 2008 Mar 13;57(5):746-59
pubmed: 18341994
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2015 Jan;69(1):55-62
pubmed: 25205161
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Mar;137(3):930-1
pubmed: 26483178
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2015 Nov;10(11):1596-606
pubmed: 25939653
Acta Paediatr. 2016 Feb;105(2):200-5
pubmed: 26280808
Cesk Pediatr. 1983 Jul;38(7):405-10
pubmed: 6616695
Psychol Assess. 2013 Dec;25(4):1045-57
pubmed: 23730831
Respir Res. 2019 Jun 6;20(1):112
pubmed: 31170994
Annu Rev Public Health. 1997;18:463-83
pubmed: 9143727
Chest. 2014 Dec;146(6):1633-1648
pubmed: 25188530
Science. 2017 Jun 16;356(6343):1127-1128
pubmed: 28619903
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Nov 12;110(46):18442-7
pubmed: 24145409
Pediatrics. 1984 Jul;74(1):11-5
pubmed: 6739203
Eur J Clin Invest. 2017 Mar;47(3):262-269
pubmed: 28074555
Chest. 2015 Jul;148(1):24-31
pubmed: 25856777
Psychiatriki. 2019 Jul-Sep;30(3):216-225
pubmed: 31685453
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2018 Apr;53(4):512-516
pubmed: 29363880
J Behav Med. 1978 Sep;1(3):289-95
pubmed: 755863
J Family Med Prim Care. 2015 Jan-Mar;4(1):21-5
pubmed: 25810984
MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 1988 Mar-Apr;13(2):118-20
pubmed: 3128700
Allergy Asthma Proc. 2014 Mar-Apr;35(2):95-103
pubmed: 24717785
Psychiatriki. 2018 Jul-Sep;29(3):271-274
pubmed: 30605432
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012 Feb;47(2):199-205
pubmed: 21905261
Evid Based Ment Health. 2019 Aug;22(3):103-110
pubmed: 31315926
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2020 Mar;23(1):102-121
pubmed: 31628568
Chest. 2014 Aug;146(2):355-372
pubmed: 24833061
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1969 Oct;8(10):580-3
pubmed: 5344422
Chest. 2006 Jan;129(1 Suppl):174S-179S
pubmed: 16428707
Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2010 Dec;19(4):223-32
pubmed: 20718076
J Asthma Res. 1968 Jun;5(4):295-308
pubmed: 5666106
Breathe (Sheff). 2017 Mar;13(1):22-30
pubmed: 28289448
Prog Drug Res. 2014;68:77-104
pubmed: 24941665