Diversified Stimuli-Induced Inflammatory Pathways Cause Skin Pigmentation.
inflammation
inflammatory cytokine
melanocytes
melanogenesis
melanosome
skin pigmentation
Journal
International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
Titre abrégé: Int J Mol Sci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101092791
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 Apr 2021
12 Apr 2021
Historique:
received:
15
03
2021
revised:
05
04
2021
accepted:
07
04
2021
entrez:
30
4
2021
pubmed:
1
5
2021
medline:
13
5
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The production of melanin pigments by melanocytes and their quantity, quality, and distribution play a decisive role in determining human skin, eye, and hair color, and protect the skin from adverse effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and oxidative stress from various environmental pollutants. Melanocytes reside in the basal layer of the interfollicular epidermis and are compensated by melanocyte stem cells in the follicular bulge area. Various stimuli such as eczema, microbial infection, ultraviolet light exposure, mechanical injury, and aging provoke skin inflammation. These acute or chronic inflammatory responses cause inflammatory cytokine production from epidermal keratinocytes as well as dermal fibroblasts and other cells, which in turn stimulate melanocytes, often resulting in skin pigmentation. It is confirmed by some recent studies that several interleukins (ILs) and other inflammatory mediators modulate the proliferation and differentiation of human epidermal melanocytes and also promote or inhibit expression of melanogenesis-related gene expression directly or indirectly, thereby participating in regulation of skin pigmentation. Understanding of mechanisms of skin pigmentation due to inflammation helps to elucidate the relationship between inflammation and skin pigmentation regulation and can guide development of new therapeutic pathways for treating pigmented dermatosis. This review covers the mechanistic aspects of skin pigmentation caused by inflammation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33921371
pii: ijms22083970
doi: 10.3390/ijms22083970
pmc: PMC8070342
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Melanins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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