Chemical hemorrhagic cystitis: Diagnostic and therapeutic pitfalls (Review).
chemical cystitis
hematuria
hemorrhagic cystitis
intravesical therapy
noninfectious cystitis
urinary bladder inflammation
Journal
Experimental and therapeutic medicine
ISSN: 1792-0981
Titre abrégé: Exp Ther Med
Pays: Greece
ID NLM: 101531947
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2021
Jun 2021
Historique:
received:
19
02
2021
accepted:
23
03
2021
entrez:
3
5
2021
pubmed:
4
5
2021
medline:
4
5
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Chemical cystitis (CC) is an inflammation of the bladder caused by various chemical agents ingested intentionally or accidentally. It is linked to chemotherapeutic agents such as cyclophosphamide, therapeutic agents for diverse diseases, and anesthetic agents consumed abusively for recreational effects such as ketamine, or can be linked to environmental and surrounding factors such as soaps, gels, spermicides, and dyes. CC is a pathology with an increasing incidence that is inadequately treated due to its infectious cystitis-like symptoms. The hemorrhagic form can have a rampant evolution. Treatment options of CC and its complications are under continuous research with no accepted standardized sequence. In many situations, the treatments are difficult to obtain, administer, and follow-up. In addition, the lack of experience of the physician may pose other obstacles in delivering treatment to the patient. In conclusion, CC is a disease with an increasing incidence, challenging to diagnose, which is frequently mistreated, and has multiple treatment modalities that still require standardization in administration and sequencing.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33936281
doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10056
pii: ETM-0-0-10056
pmc: PMC8082586
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
624Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020, Spandidos Publications.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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