Retrospective Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Symptomatic Patients Prior to Widespread Diagnostic Testing in Southern California.

COVID-19 Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures Humans Los Angeles / epidemiology Retrospective Studies SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing

Journal

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
ISSN: 1537-6591
Titre abrégé: Clin Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9203213

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
29 01 2022
Historique:
received: 05 03 2021
pubmed: 4 5 2021
medline: 3 2 2022
entrez: 3 5 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused one of the worst pandemics in recent history. Few reports have revealed that SARS-CoV-2 was spreading in the United States as early as the end of January. In this study, we aimed to determine if SARS-CoV-2 had been circulating in the Los Angeles (LA) area at a time when access to diagnostic testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was severely limited. We used a pooling strategy to look for SARS-CoV-2 in remnant respiratory samples submitted for regular respiratory pathogen testing from symptomatic patients from November 2019 to early March 2020. We then performed sequencing on the positive samples. We detected SARS-CoV-2 in 7 specimens from 6 patients, dating back to mid-January. The earliest positive patient, with a sample collected on January 13, 2020 had no relevant travel history but did have a sibling with similar symptoms. Sequencing of these SARS-CoV-2 genomes revealed that the virus was introduced into the LA area from both domestic and international sources as early as January. We present strong evidence of community spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the LA area well before widespread diagnostic testing was being performed in early 2020. These genomic data demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 was being introduced into Los Angeles County from both international and domestic sources in January 2020.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused one of the worst pandemics in recent history. Few reports have revealed that SARS-CoV-2 was spreading in the United States as early as the end of January. In this study, we aimed to determine if SARS-CoV-2 had been circulating in the Los Angeles (LA) area at a time when access to diagnostic testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was severely limited.
METHODS
We used a pooling strategy to look for SARS-CoV-2 in remnant respiratory samples submitted for regular respiratory pathogen testing from symptomatic patients from November 2019 to early March 2020. We then performed sequencing on the positive samples.
RESULTS
We detected SARS-CoV-2 in 7 specimens from 6 patients, dating back to mid-January. The earliest positive patient, with a sample collected on January 13, 2020 had no relevant travel history but did have a sibling with similar symptoms. Sequencing of these SARS-CoV-2 genomes revealed that the virus was introduced into the LA area from both domestic and international sources as early as January.
CONCLUSIONS
We present strong evidence of community spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the LA area well before widespread diagnostic testing was being performed in early 2020. These genomic data demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 was being introduced into Los Angeles County from both international and domestic sources in January 2020.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab360 PMID: 33939799 PMC: PMC8135745
pubmed: 33939799
pii: 6262672
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab360
pmc: PMC8135745
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

271-277

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Auteurs

Evann E Hilt (EE)

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7787-1961

James Boocock (J)

Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Marisol Trejo (M)

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.

Catherine Q Le (CQ)

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.

Longhua Guo (L)

Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Yi Zhang (Y)

Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Laila Sathe (L)

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.

Valerie A Arboleda (VA)

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Yi Yin (Y)

Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Joshua S Bloom (JS)

Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Pin-Chieh Wang (PC)

Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Joann G Elmore (JG)

Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Leonid Kruglyak (L)

Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Lasata Shrestha (L)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Shah A Mohamed Bakhash (SAM)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Michelle Lin (M)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Hong Xie (H)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Meei-Li Huang (ML)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Pavitra Roychoudhury (P)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Alexander Greninger (A)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Sukantha Chandrasekaran (S)

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.

Shangxin Yang (S)

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.

Omai B Garner (OB)

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies de l'appareil respiratoire › Infections de l'appareil respiratoire › Pneumopathie infectieuse › Pneumopathie virale › COVID-19 › Retrospective Detection of Severe Acute...
questionsmedicales.fr › Diagnostic › Techniques et procédures diagnostiques › Retrospective Detection of Severe Acute...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Retrospective Detection of Severe Acute...
questionsmedicales.fr › Régions géographiques › Villes › Los Angeles › Retrospective Detection of Severe Acute...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études épidémiologiques › Études de cohortes › Études rétrospectives › Retrospective Detection of Severe Acute...
questionsmedicales.fr › Virus › Virus à ARN › Virus à ARN à brin positif › Nidovirales › Coronaviridae › Coronavirus › Betacoronavirus › Virus du SRAS › SARS-CoV-2 › Retrospective Detection of Severe Acute...