Brain cortical and subcortical morphology in adolescents with depression and a history of suicide attempt.
Journal
Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN
ISSN: 1488-2434
Titre abrégé: J Psychiatry Neurosci
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 9107859
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 05 2021
07 05 2021
Historique:
entrez:
7
5
2021
pubmed:
8
5
2021
medline:
27
1
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Suicidal behaviours are a major source of mortality and morbidity among adolescents. Given the maturational changes that occur in cortical and subcortical structures during adolescence, we tested whether atypical brain structural measurements were associated with a history of suicide attempt. We assessed 3 groups of adolescents (n = 92; 79% female, mean age 15.9 years, range 11.6-18.1 years): patients with a depressive disorder and a history of suicide attempt (n = 28); patient controls, who had a depressive disorder but no history of suicide attempt (n = 34); and healthy controls (n = 30). We derived regional cortical thickness and surface area, and subcortical volumes, from T1-weighted anatomic MRI scans acquired at 3 T. We found significant group differences in surface area in the prefrontal, temporal and parietal regions, as well as in the volume of several subcortical nuclei (pFDR ≤ 0.05), but not in cortical thickness. Post hoc analyses indicated that morphological alterations primarily differentiated patients with a history of suicide attempt from healthy controls, but not from patient controls. However, patients with a history of suicide attempt exhibited positive correlations between age and cortical thickness in the temporal cortices and right insula, and between age and right putamen volume (i.e., thicker regional cortex and larger subcortical volumes with age). These correlations were negative in both patient controls and healthy controls (i.e., thinner regional cortex and smaller subcortical volumes). Sample sizes, cross-sectional findings and psychiatric heterogeneity were limitations of this study. Macroscopic structural differences in several brain regions differentiated adolescents with a history of suicide attempt from healthy controls, but not from patient controls. However, adolescents with a history of suicide attempt may present with atypical maturation of specific cortical and subcortical regions that might contribute to the risk of suicidal behaviour.
Sections du résumé
Background
Suicidal behaviours are a major source of mortality and morbidity among adolescents. Given the maturational changes that occur in cortical and subcortical structures during adolescence, we tested whether atypical brain structural measurements were associated with a history of suicide attempt.
Methods
We assessed 3 groups of adolescents (n = 92; 79% female, mean age 15.9 years, range 11.6-18.1 years): patients with a depressive disorder and a history of suicide attempt (n = 28); patient controls, who had a depressive disorder but no history of suicide attempt (n = 34); and healthy controls (n = 30). We derived regional cortical thickness and surface area, and subcortical volumes, from T1-weighted anatomic MRI scans acquired at 3 T.
Results
We found significant group differences in surface area in the prefrontal, temporal and parietal regions, as well as in the volume of several subcortical nuclei (pFDR ≤ 0.05), but not in cortical thickness. Post hoc analyses indicated that morphological alterations primarily differentiated patients with a history of suicide attempt from healthy controls, but not from patient controls. However, patients with a history of suicide attempt exhibited positive correlations between age and cortical thickness in the temporal cortices and right insula, and between age and right putamen volume (i.e., thicker regional cortex and larger subcortical volumes with age). These correlations were negative in both patient controls and healthy controls (i.e., thinner regional cortex and smaller subcortical volumes).
Limitations
Sample sizes, cross-sectional findings and psychiatric heterogeneity were limitations of this study.
Conclusion
Macroscopic structural differences in several brain regions differentiated adolescents with a history of suicide attempt from healthy controls, but not from patient controls. However, adolescents with a history of suicide attempt may present with atypical maturation of specific cortical and subcortical regions that might contribute to the risk of suicidal behaviour.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33961355
doi: 10.1503/jpn.200198
pmc: PMC8327980
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
E347-E357Subventions
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K01 MH117442
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R37 MH101495
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2021 CMA Joule Inc. or its licensors.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
M. Chakravarty is an associate editor of JPN; he was not involved in the review or decision to accept this manuscript for publication. M. Lepage reports grants from Otsuka Lundbeck Alliance, diaMentis and Roche, research support from Cogsate and personal fees from Otsuka, all outside the submitted work. No other competing interests declared.
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