Insulin-like growth factors: Ligands, binding proteins, and receptors.

Cancer Growth Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins Insulin-like growth factor receptors Insulin-like growth factors Metabolism

Journal

Molecular metabolism
ISSN: 2212-8778
Titre abrégé: Mol Metab
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101605730

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
10 2021
Historique:
received: 24 11 2020
revised: 09 04 2021
accepted: 28 04 2021
pubmed: 8 5 2021
medline: 11 3 2022
entrez: 7 5 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The insulin-like growth factor family of ligands (IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin), receptors (IGF-IR, M6P/IGF-IIR, and insulin receptor [IR]), and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP-1-6) play critical roles in normal human physiology and disease states. Insulin and insulin receptors are the focus of other chapters in this series and will therefore not be discussed further. Here we review the basic components of the IGF system, their role in normal physiology and in critical pathology's. While this review concentrates on the role of IGFs in human physiology, animal models have been essential in providing understanding of the IGF system, and its regulation, and are briefly described. IGF-I has effects via the circulation and locally within tissues to regulate cellular growth, differentiation, and survival, thereby controlling overall body growth. IGF-II levels are highest prenatally when it has important effects on growth. In adults, IGF-II plays important tissue-specific roles, including the maintenance of stem cell populations. Although the IGF-IR is closely related to the IR it has distinct physiological roles both on the cell surface and in the nucleus. The M6P/IGF-IIR, in contrast, is distinct and acts as a scavenger by mediating internalization and degradation of IGF-II. The IGFBPs bind IGF-I and IGF-II in the circulation to prolong their half-lives and modulate tissue access, thereby controlling IGF function. IGFBPs also have IGF ligand-independent cell effects.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
The insulin-like growth factor family of ligands (IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin), receptors (IGF-IR, M6P/IGF-IIR, and insulin receptor [IR]), and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP-1-6) play critical roles in normal human physiology and disease states.
SCOPE OF REVIEW
Insulin and insulin receptors are the focus of other chapters in this series and will therefore not be discussed further. Here we review the basic components of the IGF system, their role in normal physiology and in critical pathology's. While this review concentrates on the role of IGFs in human physiology, animal models have been essential in providing understanding of the IGF system, and its regulation, and are briefly described.
MAJOR CONCLUSIONS
IGF-I has effects via the circulation and locally within tissues to regulate cellular growth, differentiation, and survival, thereby controlling overall body growth. IGF-II levels are highest prenatally when it has important effects on growth. In adults, IGF-II plays important tissue-specific roles, including the maintenance of stem cell populations. Although the IGF-IR is closely related to the IR it has distinct physiological roles both on the cell surface and in the nucleus. The M6P/IGF-IIR, in contrast, is distinct and acts as a scavenger by mediating internalization and degradation of IGF-II. The IGFBPs bind IGF-I and IGF-II in the circulation to prolong their half-lives and modulate tissue access, thereby controlling IGF function. IGFBPs also have IGF ligand-independent cell effects.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33962049
pii: S2212-8778(21)00090-9
doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101245
pmc: PMC8513159
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins 0
Ligands 0
Somatomedins 0
Receptor, Insulin EC 2.7.10.1

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

101245

Subventions

Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : P30 DK020541
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.

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Auteurs

Derek LeRoith (D)

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Jeff M P Holly (JMP)

Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK. Electronic address: jeff.holly@bristol.ac.uk.

Briony E Forbes (BE)

Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, Australia.

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