The Bacterial Community Diversity of Bathroom Hot Tap Water Was Significantly Lower Than That of Cold Tap and Shower Water.
16S rRNA gene
community composition
community structure
drinking water
high-throughput sequencing
premise plumbing
public health
temporal variation
Journal
Frontiers in microbiology
ISSN: 1664-302X
Titre abrégé: Front Microbiol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101548977
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
02
11
2020
accepted:
12
02
2021
entrez:
10
5
2021
pubmed:
11
5
2021
medline:
11
5
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Microbial drinking water quality in premise plumbing systems (PPSs) strongly affects public health. Bacterial community structure is the essential aspect of microbial water quality. Studies have elucidated the microbial community structure in cold tap water, while the microbial community structures in hot tap and shower water are poorly understood. We sampled cold tap, hot tap, and shower water from a simulated PPS monthly for 16 consecutive months and assessed the bacterial community structures in those samples via high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. The total relative abundance of the top five most abundant phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, and Firmicutes) was greater than 90% among the 24 identified phyla. The most abundant families were Burkholderiaceae, Sphingomonadaceae, unclassified Alphaproteobacteria, unclassified Corynebacteriales, and Mycobacteriaceae. A multiple linear regression suggests that the bacterial community diversity increased with water temperature and the age of the simulated PPS, decreased with total chlorine residual concentration, and had a limited seasonal variation. The bacterial community in hot tap water had significantly lower Shannon and Inverse Simpson diversity indices (
Identifiants
pubmed: 33967975
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.625324
pmc: PMC8102780
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
625324Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Zhang, Qin, Struewing, Buse, Santo Domingo, Lytle and Lu.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
CZ was employed by Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., (Cincinnati, Ohio, United States). The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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