Impact of Early Versus Late Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation on Naive T Lymphocytes in HIV-1-Infected Children and Adolescents - The-ANRS-EP59-CLEAC Study.

Background

The early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1-infected infants reduces mortality and prevents early CD4 T-cell loss. However, the impact of early ART on the immune system has not been thoroughly investigated in children over five years of age or adolescents. Here, we describe the levels of naive CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes (CD4/CD8T

Methods

The ANRS-EP59-CLEAC study enrolled 27 children (5-12 years of age) and nine adolescents (13-17 years of age) in the early-treatment group, and 19 children (L-Ch) and 21 adolescents (L-Ado) in the late-treatment group. T lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry and plasma markers were analyzed by ELISA. Linear regression analysis was performed with univariate and multivariate models.

Results

At the time of evaluation, all patients were on ART and had a good immunovirological status: 83% had HIV RNA loads below 50 copies/mL and the median CD4 T-cell count was 856 cells/µL (interquartile range: 685-1236 cells/µL). In children, early ART was associated with higher CD8T

Conclusion

In children and adolescents, the benefits of early ART for CD8T

Clinical Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02674867.

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 Frange, Montange, Le Chenadec, Batalie, Fert, Dollfus, Faye, Blanche, Chacé, Fourcade, Hau, Levine, Mahlaoui, Marcou, Tabone, Veber, Hoctin, Wack, Avettand-Fenoël, Warszawski and Buseyne.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.