Characterization of emissions of condensable particulate matter under real operation conditions in cement clinker kilns using complementary experimental techniques.

Historically, the emission of particles from clinker kiln stacks has been one of the main environmental concerns in cement manufacturing processes. Up to now, environmental regulations have only focused on determining and controlling filterable particulate matter (FPM) in industrial emission sources. However, in recent years a growing interest in determining and analysing condensable particulate matter (CPM) has been evidenced due to the significant and established contribution of CPM to total emissions of particulate matter (PM). In this work, total PM (FPM + CPM) emissions from a clinker kiln in a cement manufacturing process have been characterized. A series of tests were performed to simultaneously collect FPM and CPM using a sampling train patented by University of Seville. The results showed very low level of emissions compared to regulatory limits. The average FPM and CPM concentrations obtained in the kiln were in the same order of magnitude, at 3.4 mg/Nm

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Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.