A simple, sensitive, and low-cost FACS assay for detecting antibodies against the native SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.


Journal

Immunity, inflammation and disease
ISSN: 2050-4527
Titre abrégé: Immun Inflamm Dis
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101635460

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
09 2021
Historique:
revised: 01 04 2021
received: 25 01 2021
accepted: 19 04 2021
pubmed: 13 5 2021
medline: 29 9 2021
entrez: 12 5 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Hamburg is a city state of approximately 1.9 Mio inhabitants in Northern Germany. Currently, the COVID-19 epidemic that had largely subsided during last summer is resurging in Hamburg and in other parts of the world, underlining the need for additional tools to monitor SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses. We aimed to develop and validate a simple, low-cost assay for detecting antibodies against the native coronavirus 2 spike protein (CoV-2 S) that does not require recombinant protein or virus. We transiently co-transfected HEK cells or CHO cells with expression vectors encoding CoV-2 S and nuclear GFP. Spike protein-specific antibodies in human serum samples bound to transfected cells were detected with fluorochrome conjugated secondary antibodies by flow cytometry orimmunofluorescence microscopy. We applied this assay to monitor antibody development in COVID-19 patients, household contacts, and hospital personnel during the ongoing epidemic in the city state of Hamburg. All recovered COVID-19 patients showed high levels of CoV-2 S-specific antibodies. With one exception, all household members that did not develop symptoms also did not develop detectable antibodies. Similarly, lab personnel that worked during the epidemic and followed social distancing guidelines remained antibody-negative. We conclude that high-titer CoV-2 S-specific antibodies are found in most recovered COVID-19 patients and in symptomatic contacts, but only rarely in asymptomatic contacts. The assay may help health care providers to monitor disease progression and antibody responses in vaccination trials, to identify health care personnel that likely are resistant to re-infection, and recovered individuals with high antibody titers that may be suitable asplasma and/or antibody donors.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Hamburg is a city state of approximately 1.9 Mio inhabitants in Northern Germany. Currently, the COVID-19 epidemic that had largely subsided during last summer is resurging in Hamburg and in other parts of the world, underlining the need for additional tools to monitor SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses.
AIM
We aimed to develop and validate a simple, low-cost assay for detecting antibodies against the native coronavirus 2 spike protein (CoV-2 S) that does not require recombinant protein or virus.
METHOD
We transiently co-transfected HEK cells or CHO cells with expression vectors encoding CoV-2 S and nuclear GFP. Spike protein-specific antibodies in human serum samples bound to transfected cells were detected with fluorochrome conjugated secondary antibodies by flow cytometry orimmunofluorescence microscopy. We applied this assay to monitor antibody development in COVID-19 patients, household contacts, and hospital personnel during the ongoing epidemic in the city state of Hamburg.
RESULTS
All recovered COVID-19 patients showed high levels of CoV-2 S-specific antibodies. With one exception, all household members that did not develop symptoms also did not develop detectable antibodies. Similarly, lab personnel that worked during the epidemic and followed social distancing guidelines remained antibody-negative.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that high-titer CoV-2 S-specific antibodies are found in most recovered COVID-19 patients and in symptomatic contacts, but only rarely in asymptomatic contacts. The assay may help health care providers to monitor disease progression and antibody responses in vaccination trials, to identify health care personnel that likely are resistant to re-infection, and recovered individuals with high antibody titers that may be suitable asplasma and/or antibody donors.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33979020
doi: 10.1002/iid3.446
pmc: PMC8239943
doi:

Substances chimiques

Antibodies, Viral 0
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus 0
spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 0

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

905-917

Subventions

Organisme : Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung
ID : 1.921
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
ID : SFB1328-A10
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
ID : SFB1328-A14
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
ID : SFB1328-Z02

Informations de copyright

© 2021 The Authors. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Auteurs

Julia Hambach (J)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Tobias Stähler (T)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Thomas Eden (T)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Dorte Wendt (D)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Natalie Tode (N)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Friedrich Haag (F)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Eva Tolosa (E)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Marcus Altfeld (M)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Virus Immunology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany.

Anahita Fathi (A)

Section Infectious Diseases, I. Medical Clinic and Polyclinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.

Christine Dahlke (C)

Section Infectious Diseases, I. Medical Clinic and Polyclinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.

Marylyn M Addo (MM)

Section Infectious Diseases, I. Medical Clinic and Polyclinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.

Stephan Menzel (S)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Friedrich Koch-Nolte (F)

Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

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Classifications MeSH